Rose seed shows low germination percentages (about 20%) because it has a high amount of substances that inhibit germination in the pericarp. We investigated the effect of orientation of achene, the day after pollination (DAP), and cold storage with or without half-cut in achene for the germination percentage in R. rugosa. Germination percentages of intact or half-cut achenes were investigated in a 16-hour photoperiod at room on basal MS medium for two weeks. In germination percentage, maximum 100% was measured within one week when half-cut achenes were cultured on an orientation that the embryos facing to the light. Half-cut achenes at 90 DAP were germinated 100% regardless of cold storage. Various LED lights (red, blue, yellow, green, and white) were illuminated over the half-cut achenes to gain the effect of light color. Germination percentage of R. rugosa seeds under blue LED reached the greatest with 90% within one week of culture and these seedlings were the best with a steady growth rate. It is concluded that half-cut achenes would be an effective method to improve seed germination in R. rugosa without stratification or scarification. This system could be applied to breeding studies in rose cultivars.

https://www.koreascience.kr:443/article/JAKO201122350105752.pdf

Improvement of Seed Germination in Rosa rugosa

. A new rose cultivar was bred by crossing the red-yellow standard cultivar ‘Konfetti’ and pink standard cultivar ‘Laser’ at the Chungcheongbuk-do Agriculture Research and Extension Services. The cross was completed in 2003, after varietal characteristics was tested for 3 years from 2005 to 2007, ‘Suryeo’ was finally selected in 2007 and registered on the grant of plant variety rights in 2009. The cultivar was developed for a standard-type cut flower with white-pink petals. ‘Suryeo’ produced 149 stems/m 2 in a year and had 64 petals per flower. This new cultivar needed 48 days to flower and showed 12 days vase life. The length of cut stem was about 78 cm, and the fresh weight of stem was 50 g. This cultivar showed high resistance against powdery mildew. Additional key words : crossing, fragrance, powder mildew resistance, standard rose, vase life * Corresponding author: apox9122@korea.kr※ Received 22 August 2010; Accepted 8 March 2011. 서 언 장미는 세계 3대 절화작목 중 하나이며 우리나라에서도 비중이 큰 화종으로 2009년 재배면적이 518ha, 판매량은 383백만 송이로 총 절화판매량의 34.5%를 차지하고 있다(MFAFF, 2010). 장미는 재배 역사가 오래된 만큼 소비자층이 많고 용도 또한 다양하여 품종 요구도가 높은 작물이다. 특히 유행에 민감하며(Byun et al., 2005) 기호도의 변화가 빠른 화종으로 특정 품종의 유통지속 기간이 길지 못한데 근래에는 품종갱신주기가 5년에서 2-3년으로 짧아지고 있어(Byun et al., 2006) 절화장미의 90% 이상을 외국에서 육성된 도입품종을 사용하고 있는 우리나라 장미 재배농가에서는 (Kim et al., 2002, 2009) 신품종 갱신으로 인한 종묘비의 증가가 크나큰 부담으로 작용하고 있다.장미는 절화류 가운데 소비량이 많으며 외국산 품종의 의존도가 특히 높은 화종인데 이로 인하여 재배농가에서는 로열티 부담으로 크나큰 압박을 받고 있고 국부 유출 또한 심각한 편이다(Kim et al., 2002, 2009). 국내 장미 재배농가의 연간 로열티 지불액은 협약 당사자들 간의 계약으로 이루어지는 경우가 많아 정확한 금액의 산출은 어려우나, 2004년 40억원, 2005년 70억원, 2007년에는 약 120여억원의 추정 보고(Gi et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2009)하였다. 또한 장미가 품종보호 작목으로 지정된 2001년 7월 1일 이 후(Choi, 2002) 로열티가 매년 크게 증가하고 있으며 재배면적과 갱신주기 , 종묘 소요량 및 가격 등 몇 가지 제요소 등을 고려해 볼 때 앞으로도 로열티의 지불은 계속 증가될 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 국내환경과 소비자 기호도에 맞는 우량신품종을 육성하여 조기 확대 보급시키는 것이 시급한 일이 아닐 수 없다. 장미는 지금까지 25,000여 품종이 등록되어 있으며 해마다 수백종의 새로운 품종이 개발되고 있으나 육성된 신품종이 우리나라 환경에 맞고 국내 소비자에게 인기가 있는 것은 아니어서(Byun et al., 2005) 소비자의 기호도에 부응하는 다양한 품종 육성이 필요하다.따라서 본 연구는 국내 재배환경에 맞고 장미재배 농가 및 소비자가 선호하는 화형과 화색을 가진 다수성 신품종을 육성하고자 실시하였다.

A new rose cultivar 'Suryeo' with white-pink flower color.

A rose cultivar ‘Hanmaeum’ developed at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extention Services is a standard type with red-white flower. From 1998, two cultivars ‘Nicole’ and ‘Tiamo’ were examined for horticultural characteristics and were included in cross-combination in 2000. Cultivar ‘Nicole’, a vigorous and strong fragrant standard type with red-white flower, was used as a mother plant and cultivar ‘Tiamo’, a red-flower standard type with high productivity, was used as a pollen-donor plant. Forty two breeding lines were selected in 2001 based on flower shape, flower color and abundance of petal numbers on the first selection. Four breeding lines were selected in 2002 based on powdery mildew and vigor on the second selection. For two years, from 2003 till 2004, two breeding lines were selected and examined for their productivity, and then cultivar ‘Hanmaeum’ was developed because of distinctive characters such as red-white color flower, upright stem, long flower stem, long vase-life and powdery mildew resistance. A standard type with middle sized flower, cultivar ‘Hanmaeum’ shows in average 9.3 cm flower diameter, 74.1 cm flower stem length, and 11.8 days vase-life. The average productivity for two years was 107 stemsm-2 per year and increased 25.1% compare to cultivar ‘Nicole’ with 85.6 stemsm-2 per year.

Breeding of a new rose cultivar 'Hanmaeum' with red-white color flower and resistance to the powdery mildew.

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Breeding of a new rose cultivar 'Hanmaeum' with red-white color flower and resistance to the powdery mildew.