IT is now more than 30 years since Addis suggested that protein intake be restricted in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.1 His aim was not to reduce uremic symptoms but rather to prevent a...

Dietary Protein Intake and the Progressive Nature of Kidney Disease: The Role of Hemodynamically Mediated Glomerular Injury in the Pathogenesis of Progressive Glomerular Sclerosis in Aging, Renal Ablation, and Intrinsic Renal Disease

Pathogenesis of lipoid nephrosis : a disorder of T-cell function

In Vol. 38, No. 2, November 20, 1954, page 226, in Equation 2, there is an error in the sign of the last term in the denominator of the logarithm. The equation should read as follows:— See PDF for Equation

https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/38/2/225/1241007/225.pdf

Filtration, diffusion, and molecular sieving through porous cellulose membranes.

In vivo methods used to study human body composition continue to be developed, along with more advanced reference models that utilize the information obtained with these technologies. Some methods are well established, with a strong physiological basis for their measurement, whereas others are much more indirect. This review has been structured from the methodological point of view to help the reader understand what can be examined with each technique. The associations between the various in vivo methods (densitometry, dilution, bioelectrical impedance and conductance, whole body counting, neutron activation, X-ray absorptiometry, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) and the five-level multicompartment model of body composition are described, along with the limitations and advantages of each method. This review also provides an overview of the present status of this field of research in human biology, including examples of reference body composition data for infants, children, adolescents, and adults.

http://www.luzimarteixeira.com.br/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/composicao-corporal1.pdf

Human body composition: in vivo methods

Although it is self-evident that the study of human nutrition has as its goal the optimal nutrition of man, the nutritional status of the body best suited to optimal performance, i.e., optimal nutrition, has unfortunately not yet been satisfactorily defined. Body composition of animals may be measured by direct chemical analysis and correlated with dietary intake and with the various aspects of performance; studies of body composition of living man, on the other hand, must rely on indirect measure ments. The following two reports, which give an account of the current status of the attack on the difficult task of measuring body composition in living man, are sponsored by the Committee on Nutrition to call attention to the resurgence of effort in this field during recent years. A fuller knowledge of the gross composition of the human body and its relation to preceding diet will constitute a significant step towards realization of the ultimate goal of nutritional science. Even then, a particular body composition will be of importance primarily in terms of functional performance. The availability of newer techniques should do much to stimulate physicians and nutritionists in defining body composition as an essential step in arriving at a more exact definition of optimal nutrition.

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/29/3/476.full.pdf

Human body composition

/pdf/studies-on-the-metabolism-of-plasma-proteins-in-the-1ehgj30uso.pdf

STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF PLASMA PROTEINS IN THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME. I. ALBUMIN, γ-GLOBULIN AND IRON-BINDING GLOBULIN

Acute nephritis of medium severity, affecting both glomeruli and tubules, was produced in rats by injections of anti-rat-kidney serum, given on 3 consecutive days. The course of the nephritis was markedly influenced by the type of diet which was fed. Rats tended to recover promptly from the induced nephritis when a low protein-high carbohydrate diet was given. On the other hand, in nephritic rats maintained on a medium protein diet the nephritis almost invariably became chronic and half the animals died of renal insufficiency during the 10½ months of observation. Finally none of the rats which received a high protein-low carbohydrate diet recovered from the acute renal injury; all developed chronic progressive nephritis and the majority died of renal failure after some months.

https://rupress.org/jem/article-pdf/70/6/615/1181797/615.pdf

The effect of dietary protein on the course of nephrotoxic nephritis in rats

/pdf/chloride-bromide-sodium-and-sucrose-spaces-in-man-3hz845a4qq.pdf

Chloride, bromide, sodium, and sucrose spaces in man.

The glomerulonephritis induced in rats by nephrotoxin was characterized clinically during its initial phase by severe albuminuria, cylindruria, and anasarca, but not by hematuria. Rapidly fatal nephritis was produced by injecting relatively large amounts of anti-kidney serum at frequent intervals. In such cases the blood urea mounted rapidly; the urea clearance fell; and death occurred within about 2 weeks. A milder nephritis of the chronic type was induced by giving smaller quantities of anti-kidney serum in either single or divided doses. In these instances there was no immediate alteration of the urea clearance. Lipemia and plasma protein deficit appeared with the development of anasarca. The majority of rats which survived the initial stage of this experimental nephritis continued to show marked albuminuria with casts until they died or were sacrificed months later. Some of these animals showed retardation of growth and a progressive fall of the urea clearance. Terminally there developed marked retention of urea, plasma protein deficit, anemia, and hypertension.

https://rupress.org/jem/article-pdf/65/4/527/1140780/527.pdf

Experimental nephritis in rats induced by injection of anti-kidney serum : ii. clinical and functional studies.

A procedure has been detailed for the preparation of sterile non-pyrogenic solutions of oxyhemoglobin which have the approximate protein content and electrolyte composition of plasma.

Large volumes of solution can be rapidly prepared, with 95 to 98 per cent of the hemoglobin in the active form capable of combining with oxygen. The solutions contain no particulate matter; 95 per cent of total blood lipids are removed.

Solutions stored at 4°C. showed no conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin over a period of 2½ months; over a 6 month period a small and variable amount of methemoglobin may be formed.

https://rupress.org/jem/article-pdf/86/6/455/1183706/455.pdf

Preparation of hemoglobin solutions for intravenous infusion.

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