Silicone elastomer sheeting is a medical device used to prevent the development of and improve the appearance and feel of hypertrophic and keloid scars. The precise mechanism of action of silicone elastomer sheeting has not been defined, but clinical trials report that this device is safe and effective for the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic and keloid scars if worn over the scar for 12 to 24 hours per day for at least 2 to 3 months. Some of the silicone elastomer sheeting products currently on the market are durable and adhere well to the skin. These products are an attractive treatment option because of their ease of use and low risk of adverse effects compared to other treatments, such as surgical excision, intralesional corticosteroid injections, pressure therapy, radiation, laser treatment, and cryotherapy. Additional controlled clinical trials with large patient populations may provide further evidence for the efficacy of silicone elastomer sheeting in the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic and keloid scars. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on silicone elastomer sheeting products and to discuss their clinical application in the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic and keloid scars.

A Review of the Biologic Effects, Clinical Efficacy, and Safety of Silicone Elastomer Sheeting for Hypertrophic and Keloid Scar Treatment and Management

Statement of problem One method used to disinfect a dental cast is immersion in a disinfecting solution. Repeated immersion of a cast in disinfectant may affect surface detail as well as other physical properties. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in surface detail quality, dimensional accuracy, and wet compressive strength of dental casts as a result of repeated disinfection in slurry containing 0.525% sodium hypochlorite solution. Material and methods Two different test specimen configurations were used, one for evaluating surface detail quality and dimensional accuracy and the other for compressive strength. Sixty specimens each were made of type III and type IV dental stone (Excalibur). Thirty specimens were immersed in slurry, a supernatant solution of calcium sulfate in distilled water (control casts), and 30 in slurry with sodium hypochlorite (test casts) solutions for 30 minutes and air dried for 24 hours. This process was repeated 7 times before testing. Linear dimensional change, surface detail quality, and wet compressive strength were determined according to American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) standards. The data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance and 2-sample independent t tests (α=.05). Results For specimens prepared with type III and type IV stone, treatment by immersion in slurry (control casts) and in slurry with sodium hypochlorite (test casts) resulted in an increase ( P P P Conclusion The results demonstrated that repeated immersion of type III and type IV stone specimens in slurry with distilled water and slurry with 0.525% sodium hypochlorite, along with drying in air, caused a significant increase in linear dimension and a significant decrease in wet compressive strength. Although both the solutions caused some degree of damage to surface details for type III and type IV stones, the difference was not significant.

Surface detail, compressive strength, and dimensional accuracy of gypsum casts after repeated immersion in hypochlorite solution

Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Dent Mat & Prosthodont, Araraquara Dent Sch, BR-14081903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil

Effect of incorporation of disinfectant solutions on setting time, linear dimensional stability, and detail reproduction in dental stone casts.

Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of selected disinfectants incorporated in the liquid of dental stones on material strength properties with the aim of developing a material with acceptable mechanical properties.



Materials and Methods Two types of dental stone (types III and V) were mixed with aqueous solutions of 0.525% sodium hypochlorite, 0.1% and 10% povidone-iodine, and 2% glutaraldehyde, and with water as a control. The liquid/powder ratios recommended by the manufacturer were used. These materials were subjected to further modification by adding a mixture of 1.0% gum arabic and 0.132% calcium hydroxide to the hemihydrate powders before mixing with the disinfectant solutions at 2 different liquid/powder ratios for each. Both the regular and the modified materials were tested for compressive and diametral tensile strength after 1 hour and 1 week from the start of the mix. The structure of set materials was determined by scanning electron microscopy examination of fracture surfaces.



Results The disinfectants often reduced the strength of both types of dental stone. However, using either 0.1% povidone-iodine or 0.525% sodium hypochlorite resulted in strength values comparable with that of the control. The addition of gum arabic and calcium hydroxide helped reduce the mixing liquid/powder ratios, improving the strength properties of the disinfected materials.



Conclusions Chemical disinfectants reduce the strength of dental gypsum when used as mixing water substitutes. Gum arabic and calcium hydroxide additives permit a lower liquid/powder ratio and can help offset this weakening.

The effect of disinfectants on the properties of dental gypsum: 1. Mechanical properties

Background: One method used to disinfect a dental cast is immersion in a disinfecting solution. Repeated immersion of a cast in disinfectant may affect its physical properties. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in dimensional accuracy and hardness of the dental casts as a result of repeated disinfection in 0.525% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde solutions. Materials and Methods: Sixty specimens were made of type III dental stone. Twenty specimens were immersed in slurry, a supernatant solution of calcium sulfate in distilled water (control casts), 20 specimens in 0.525% sodium hypochlorite, and 20 specimens in 2% glutaraldehyde solutions for 30 min and air dried for 24 h. This process was repeated for 7 times for testing. Linear dimensional change and hardness were determined according to American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) standards. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Results: For specimens prepared with type III stones, treatment was by immersion in slurry (group I - control casts), and by immersion in 0.525% sodium hypochlorite (group II - test group 1) and in 2% glutaraldehyde solution (group III - test group 2). The specimens treated with sodium hypochlorite and glutaraldehyde showed more linear dimensional change compared to the specimens treated in slurry. However, the difference between test casts and control casts was significant. But the difference between the two test groups was not significant. Both the test groups showed decrease in hardness of the specimens compared to that specimens in control group. But the difference between two test groups was not significant in hardness.However,the values remained close to ANSI/ADA standards. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that repeated immersion of type III dental stone specimens in slurry with distilled water, 0.525% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde, along with drying in air, caused a significant increase in linear dimension and a significant decrease in hardness.

The effect of repeated immersion of gypsum cast in sodium hypochlorite and glutaraldehyde on its physical properties: An in vitro study

PURPOSE: Previous research has shown that dental gypsum casts may be effectively disinfected by the substitution of 10% of the gauging water with 5.25% solution of sodium hypochlorite. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the properties of gypsum produced from such a solution as opposed to tap water alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tests included setting time, compressive strength, rigidity, diametral tensile strength, setting expansion, hardness, and detail reproduction. RESULTS: The addition of sodium hypochlorite to the gauging water resulted in a statistically significant increase in the compressive strength and rigidity, and a decrease in setting time (p < or = .5). All other properties remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This substitution may be an effective and convenient method of disinfecting gypsum casts in the laboratory without adversely effecting physical and mechanical properties.

Die stone disinfection: incorporation of sodium hypochlorite.

Silicone thermoplastic sheeting has been used successfully in the management of hypertrophic and keloid scars resulting from thermal burn injuries. A technique is described that incorporates silicone thermoplastic sheeting for fabrication of a compression face mask. This technique combines the moldability of thermoplastic splinting materials with the therapeutic surface of silicone, yielding the advantages of both in a one-step process.

Silicone thermoplastic sheeting for treatment of facial scars: an improved technique.

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Die stone disinfection: incorporation of sodium hypochlorite.

Silicone thermoplastic sheeting for treatment of facial scars: an improved technique.