Self-regulation is a key antecedent of health and behaviour-change interventions have utilised self-regulation approaches to promote health. The present study used a novel methodology, a ne...

How Best to Reduce Unhealthy Risk-Taking Behaviours? A Meta-Review of Evidence Syntheses of Interventions Using Self-Regulation Principles.

Loving-kindness and compassion meditation (LKCM) was a promising intervention for improving life satisfaction, but previous findings have been inconsistent. The current study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis, including 23 empirical studies on LKCM with life satisfaction as an outcome variable. The primary meta-analysis indicated that LKCM significantly enhanced life satisfaction in pre-post design (g = 0.312, k = 15, n = 451), but the significance disappeared in the additional meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials (g = 0.106, k = 6, n = 404). Moderator analyses found significant effects for type of control (i.e., the effects of LKCM were inferior to active control group, but superior to waitlist condition), but not for other moderators (i.e., participant type, previous meditation experience, specific protocol, components of LKCM, combination with mindfulness mediation, and intervention length). Narrative review identified self-compassion and positive emotions as important mediators. The practice time of LKCM had indirect but not direct association with life satisfaction. The findings supported that LKCM is promising in increasing life satisfaction, but more studies are needed to investigate the effects with more rigorous designs. Future studies should investigate other potential mechanisms and clarify whether LKCM change the reality or the perception of life.

The effects of loving-kindness and compassion meditation on life satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This research contributes to helping educational establishments across the world develop self-e ﬃ cacy techniques to improve communication skills within an accounting course design and other disciplines. This paper asks the research question: Does self-e ﬃ cacy enhances accounting students ’ communication ability? Previous research has identi ﬁ ed the business community requiring accountants to display high levels of communication ability. However, despite many deliberate pedagogical interventions over the years, communication skills are lacking in graduating accounting students. This paper describes a new approach of deliberate self-e ﬃ cacy interventions in one UK university ’ s undergraduate accounting curriculum to improve accounting students ’ communication ability. In addition, a self-e ﬃ cacy framework of Stone and Bailey [(2007). Team con ﬂ ict self-e ﬃ cacy and outcome expectancy of business students. Journal of Education for Business , 82 (5), 258 – 266. https://doi.org/10.3200/ JOEB.82.5.258-266.] is developed to model communication self-e ﬃ cacy, outcome expectancy and behavioral intentions of the students. The data consists of the results of 131 ﬁ rst-year accounting students, and this paper contributes by helping to pinpoint two self-e ﬃ cacy techniques to improving students ’ communication skills: ‘ personal mastery ’ and ‘ mentor support ’ .

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The use and measurement of communication self-efficacy techniques in a UK undergraduate accounting course

Mindful consumption: Its conception, measurement, and implications

Social distancing is a necessary policy with an unfortunate name. Although maintaining geographical, or physical, distance from one another is important for slowing the spread of COVID-19, people should strive to maintain social connections even while physically apart. That is because the lack of connection and the attendant loneliness that can result from physical distancing are not benign: loneliness can impair well-being and harm health. In this article, we review evidence demonstrating the ill effects of loneliness and summarize actions that psychological science suggests can enhance social connection during the COVID-19 pandemic despite physical distancing. We also discuss ways that governments, nonprofit organizations, and for-profit organizations can help motivate people to adopt these actions. Efforts to mitigate the medical risks of COVID-19 should not have to exacerbate the public health problem of loneliness. © 2020, Brookings Institution Press. All rights reserved.

Behavioral insights for minimizing loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic

Several strategies for decreasing anxiety and increasing subjective well-being have been tested and found to be useful, such as downward social comparison, loving-kindness contemplations, and interconnectedness contemplations. These, however, have not often been directly compared. Emerging adults contemplated one technique for 12 min while walking around a building. Those who wished others well (loving-kindness) had lower anxiety, greater happiness, greater empathy, and higher feelings of caring and connectedness than those in a control condition. The Interconnectedness condition resulted only in beneficial effects on social connection. Although social comparison theory suggests that downward social comparison should improve mood, this study found that it had no beneficial effects relative to the control condition and was significantly worse than the loving-kindness condition. This brief loving-kindness contemplation worked equally well across several measured individual differences, and is a simple intervention that can be used to reduce anxiety, increase happiness, empathy, and feelings of social connection.

Caring for Others Cares for the Self: An Experimental Test of Brief Downward Social Comparison, Loving-Kindness, and Interconnectedness Contemplations

Across two studies we investigated the relationship among mindfulness, rumination, depression, stress, anxiety, communication apprehension, and willingness to communicate among veterinary medicine students. Study 1 tested a hypothesized path model of the relationship with 148 third-year students. Study 2 confirmed the path model with second sample of 160 third-year students. Mindfulness had a direct negative relationship with communication apprehension and a direct positive relationship with willingness to communicate, whereas depression, anxiety, and stress each had a direct negative relationship with communication apprehension and willingness to communicate. Rumination was also directly associated with communication apprehension and willingness to communicate, and it was mediated through depression, anxiety, and stress. These findings suggest mindfulness training may mitigate depression, anxiety, and stress and their attendant effects on communication apprehension and willingness to communicate.

Communication Apprehension and Willingness to Communicate in Veterinary Medicine Students: Implications for Mindfulness and Communication Training.

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Caring for Others Cares for the Self: An Experimental Test of Brief Downward Social Comparison, Loving-Kindness, and Interconnectedness Contemplations

Communication Apprehension and Willingness to Communicate in Veterinary Medicine Students: Implications for Mindfulness and Communication Training.