Oasification is a complex oasis expansion and ecological processes caused by climate changes and human activities under available water supply in arid and semiarid regions. The process can effectively improve soil productivity, vegetation cover, and biomass production in fighting against land degradation, such as desertification and soil erosion. However, the significance of oasification has not yet reached the general cognition compared to desertification, which is regarded as one of the most severe global eco-environmental issues. This paper identifies desertification and oasification processes and their perspectives in cognition. The implication of oasification in combating desertification and controlling land degradation is emphasized by the justification between desertification and oasification processes. As opposite process of desertification, the oasification is an unable evasive process that can provide positive environmental effects in the control of desertification, ecological restoration, and land rehabilitation. According to the interaction of climatic variations and human activities, the oasification processes is classified into six main forms: natural oasis evolution process, engineering forest construction, conversion of natural landforms into farmlands, urban encroachment, constructed environments, and coupled ecosystems. These processes gradually modify the productive capacity of soils, increase vegetation cover for restoring degraded lands, and improve the living environment for human settlement and sustainability of an oasis ecosystem. Moreover, an overview of oasification research is detailed, and Northwest China as an example is used to illustrate the progress of the oasification research in recent decades. Currently, the oasification process and its mechanistic research still remain less concern in the arid and semiarid regions. A new science framework of the oasification research is proposed to effectively deal with ecological and environmental issues in the arid and semiarid regions.

Oasification: An unable evasive process in fighting against desertification for the sustainable development of arid and semiarid regions of China

https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/212031296/1_s2.0_S0168192320300940_main.pdf

Investigating microclimate effects in an oasis-desert interaction zone

Tools are needed to quantitatively evaluate the efficiency of water harvesting techniques in dryland environments under a wide range of climatic and soil physical conditions. In a case study for the arid zone of Chile, a detailed water balance was calculated using a coupled surface–subsurface hydrological model (HydroGeoSphere). In a first step, the model was parameterized with detailed runoff and soil water content data collected during simulated rainfall to calibrate surface and subsurface flow processes simultaneously, using six responsive parameters identified by a global sensitivity analysis. The calibrated model accurately reproduced observed soil moisture contents ( R 2 = 0.92) and runoff amounts ( R 2 = 0.97), and represented the overflowing infiltration trench, which is a clear improvement over existing frameworks that do not consider surface-subsurface flow interactions. A comparative analysis with a natural slope demonstrated that the trench was efficient in capturing runoff under high rainfall intensities, such as the one simulated, resulting in a significant decrease (46%) of runoff. In the final section, a detailed water balance of the trench was calculated for four characteristic years with increasing precipitation. Significant differences in the water balance components were only observed for the very wet year (with a return period of 67 yr), where 64% of the potential runoff was effectively harvested and stored in the soil profile. As such, this test case shows the ability of HydroGeoSphere to adequately represent the water balance components of a runoff water harvesting technique and shows its potential to become an effective tool for optimal water harvesting design, while taking both soil physical and climatic constraints into account.

Parameterizing a Coupled Surface–Subsurface Three-Dimensional Soil Hydrological Model to Evaluate the Efficiency of a Runoff Water Harvesting Technique

Climatic and soil physical constraints for efficient rain water harvesting in degraded lands of Chile

En este trabajo se propone una funcion de infiltracion. Esta funcion conforma un marco conceptual que pudiera ser util a nivel practico para avanzar en el calculo de la infiltracion. En la ecuacion. aparecen catorce coeficientes adimensionales (C1, ..., C14). Varios de estos coeficientes estan rela- cionados con las propiedades del suelo, que convendra estudiar a partir de los modelos de infiltracion existentes. Tambien se definen dos monomios adicionales (C15 y C16) que describen el proceso de formacion de costras superficiales (tastanas).

Aproximación al conocimiento de la infiltración a través del análisis dimensional

Desertification is a widespread process worldwide, particularly acute on deforested sloping lands under arid, semiarid or dry sub-humid conditions. To counteract this environmental threat, we have opted for an approach promoting the opposite process, which has been termed oasification. It entails the building of small earth structures to collect and infiltrate as much precipitation and runoff as possible by modifying a slope’s physiography in a convenient and non-aggressive manner. As a result, better soil moisture conditions will prevail and the chances of the establishment and growth of woody vegetation will be markedly improved, thus redressing the dangerous process of desertification. Since ancient times, many water harvesting strategies (microcatchments, ridging, terracing, etc.) have been successfully employed to check, collect and infiltrate surface runoff in those regions of the world where precipitation is scarce. All these structures can be currently designed according to enlightened hydrologic criteria based on sound knowledge of water economy, water requirements, soil erosion, building costs and landscape impacts. These criteria should help land managers and technicians in deciding the appropriate planting densities and micropond sizes that will yield the best seedling survival rates with minimal disturbance to the original physiography of the slope.

/pdf/oasification-a-forest-solution-to-many-problems-of-43gce228ff.pdf

"Oasification": a forest solution to many problems of desertification

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"Oasification": a forest solution to many problems of desertification