To meet the demands of operating in distance space environments, there is a need for more autonomous space systems. This document presents a survey of the state-of-the-art in space autonomy. This includes technologies relevant to space system autonomy makes recommendations for future research. These technologies include underlying technologies, component technologies, and space systems. Underlying technologies are general approaches to artificial intelligence. Component technologies are aspects of autonomous system implementation using underlying technologies. The space systems discussed in this survey include all past, current, and near-future missions with significant levels of autonomous behavior as well as a representative, though not exhaustive, discussion of many of the (more typical) directly controlled space systems used. The recommendations for future research in space autonomy consists of a list of five thrust areas requiring further development in order to progress toward higher levels of autonomy for space systems.

Technology for autonomous space systems

Event-based architecture for diagnosis in control advisory systems

Aircraft gas turbine engine maintenance is a complex task requiring not only specialized technical skill but effective integration of many sources of information. Traditionally, military maintenance technicians make extensive use of common sense knowledge, equipment manuals, pilot reports, instrument readings, engine settings and physical observations. Reasoning based upon patterns in sensor data, case histories and past maintenance is infrequently carried out. Difficulties in maintenance arise from the need to quickly restore the engines to an operational state, the frequent reassignment of technicians and the awkward access to, and interpretation of, data. There is a need to overcome these factors. This paper describes a knowledge-based diagnostic system for military gas turbine aero-engines. The objectives were to develop a system which encodes the heuristics of technicians and to provide an expandable framework for automating the technical manuals and incorporating explanations, data interpretation, as well as case history and model-based reasoning. The eventual goal is to apply the system to the maintenance of complex mechanical equipment and have it reason, in an on-line mode, with data obtained from a data acquisition system. A description of the application area and the features of the system, in its current stage of development, are discussed. This paper will be of practical benefit to those developing knowledge-based maintenance systems for complex mechanical equipment.

JETA: A knowledge-based approach to aircraft gas turbine engine maintenance

Diagnostic expert systems for gas turbine engines - Status and prospects

The main gas path components, namely compressor and turbine, are inherently reliable but the operation of the aero engines under hostile environments, results into engine breakdowns and performance deterioration. Performance deterioration increases the operating cost, due to the reduction in thrust output and higher fuel consumption, and also increases the engine maintenance cost. In times when economic considerations dominate airline operators’ strategies, carrying out unnecessary rectification, can be very costly and time consuming. In an attempt to minimize such unexpected circumstances, having detailed knowledge prior to any inspection will allow the gas turbine user to take some of the maintenance action when it is necessary. Advanced engine-fault diagnostics tools offer the possibility of identifying degradation at the module level, determining the trends of these degradations during the usage of the engine, and planning the maintenance action ahead.

/pdf/research-article-diagnostic-methods-for-an-aircraft-engine-4brzm9xb7h.pdf

Research Article Diagnostic Methods for an Aircraft Engine Performance

JET-X is a microcomputer-based expert systems application for ground-based troubleshooting of the TF34-100 engines on the USAF A-10 aircraft. It provides fault isolation capabilities to supplement the current engine fault detection system. JET-X incorporates domain-specific knowledge from existing troubleshooting manuals, augmented and enhanced by a team consisting of a factory engineer with a background in engine performance analysis and a field technical representation with considerable on-site troubleshooting experience. The expert system shell used for this application is GEN-X. The authors describe the diagnostics scope and design objectives of JET-X as well as the development issues and the procedures used to produce this tool. Particular emphasis is placed on human-factors issues. >

JET-X: jet engine troubleshooting expert system

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JET-X: jet engine troubleshooting expert system