A Collaborative Virtual Environment or CVE is a distributed, virtual reality that is designed to support collaborative activities. As such, CVEs provide a potentially infinite, graphically realised...

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Collaborative virtual environments

This paper explores interconnecting outdoor AR systems with a VR system to achieve collaboration in both domains simultaneously. We envisage multiple mobile users of wearable AR systems interacting with a stationary VR facility via a wireless network. An application in simulated combat training is described, where the AR users are soldiers with wearable computers, and the VR system is located at a command and control centre. For soldiers, AR provides enhanced information about the battlefield environment, which may include the positions and attributes of simulated entities for the purpose of training outdoors at low cost. At the same time a complete picture of the battlefield, including real and simulated troops and vehicles, is available via the VR system. As soldiers move about, their GPS and digital compass hardware provide the remote VR user and other AR users with the means to track their position in real-time. We describe a working system based on our modular Tinmith-II wearable computer, which interacts with a combat simulator to create a synthetic battle environment for safe training and monitoring.

Integrating virtual and augmented realities in an outdoor application

Systems and methods for modifying a virtual object stored within a computer. The systems and methods allow virtual object modifications that are otherwise computationally inconvenient. The virtual object is represented as a volumetric representation. A portion of the volumetric model is converted into an alternative representation. The alternative representation can be a representation having a different number of dimensions from the volumetric representations. A stimulus is applied to the alternative representation, for example by a user employing a force-feedback haptic interface. The response of the alternative representation to the stimulus is calculated. The change in shape of the virtual object is determined from the response of the alternative representation. The representations of the virtual object can be displayed at any time for the user. The user can be provided a force-feedback response. Multiple stimuli can be applied in succession. Multiple alternative representations can be employed in the system and method.

Systems and methods for three-dimensional modeling

The interface description language: definition and use.

Cartoon animation techniques have previously been used to enhance the illusion of direct manipulation in 2D graphical user interfaces. In particular, animation may be used to convey a feeling of substance to the objects being manipulated by the user. The paper presents an expansion of this concept to 3D graphical object manipulation. A standard set of 3D direct manipulation operations have been extended to include animated visual feedback to add substance, operation cues for the user and constraint visualisation. Visual feedback effects using 3D warping can substitute for haptic feedback, squashing of an object when pressed against a wall, or stretching of an object to shown frictional forces. Finally, a pinning effect is explored for multiple users manipulating a common object in a collaborative environment.

Warping to enhance 3D user interfaces

We have developed interface animation techniques for distributed collaborative 3D virtual environments. Our methods communicate information about group interactions to the various individual users in the system; this information is traditionally absent (i.e., not needed) from single user systems and is difficult to convey with static interfaces. Interface animation is primarily accomplished by dynamically warping the shape of the objects in the virtual space. We describe our warping methods and a system, call MUVEE in which we have embedded them. We also describe an application of these ideas for configuring distributed systems in general: visualizing the configuration and performance of a distributed system as a warpable virtual environment. We have implemented our experimental prototypes with the Polylith toolbus.

Warping distributed system configurations

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Warping distributed system configurations