High power heating of a lower hybrid wave (LHW) was performed (PLHW ~ 800?kW at 2.45?GHz) recently in the HT-7 tokamak. Lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) efficiency is studied for different injected powers and for different densities. Improved particle confinement is observed by the application of LHCD as characterized by an increase in the central line averaged electron density and the decrease in D? emission. The particle confinement time (?p) increased by about 1.5 times. The dependence of energy confinement time (?E) on plasma density and LHW power is experimentally studied in detail.

Study of confinement and LHCD efficiency on the HT-7 tokamak

Modeling of heat deposition on the W/Cu movable limiter in HT-7

Experimental progress of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) and ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating was achieved significantly in HT-7. Long pulse plasmas, up to 400 s, were obtained by LHCD. High power lower hybrid wave (LHW), with PLHW of 800 kW at 2.45 GHz, was launched and the current drive efficiency was studied for different wave powers. Electron temperature and Zeff were measured in LHCD discharges. Heating experiment and recent results of high power ion Bernstein wave, with PIBW of 600 kW at 27 MHz, were summarized.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1009-0630/11/4/02/pdf

Progress of LHCD and IBW Heating Experiments on HT-7 Tokamak

Lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) efficiency is a very important parameter The experimental current drive efficiency is defined as ? = IrfneR/PLH, where Irf is the current driven by the lower hybrid waves (LHWs), ne is the central line-average density, R is the major radius of the plasma and PLH is the injected LH wave power absorbed by the plasma through Landau damping A study of current drive efficiency of LHWs in the HT-7 tokamak has been carried out in the parameter ranges: ne = (12?25) ? 1019?m?3, Ip = (80?200)?kA, Bt = 18?T, PLH = (188?532)?kW in the limiter configuration Current drive efficiency is investigated through a simple correlation with photon temperature and normalized intensity of fast electron bremstrahlung emission, which is, in the first approximation, proportional to the averaged velocity and population of the fast electrons The plasma current scanning experiment shows that CD efficiency increase is due to the increase in both the photon temperature and the population of the fast electrons generated by LHWs The density scanning experiment shows that as the plasma density is increased, an increment in CD efficiency along with the increase in the population of fast electrons is observed The slowing down through the collisions with bulk electrons is mainly responsible for the decreased photon temperature during the plasma density scan These experiments strongly suggest the dominant role of the population of fast electrons generated by LHCD and the generation of the current carried by fast electrons

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0741-3335/51/7/075017/pdf

Study of lower hybrid current drive efficiency and its correlation with photon temperatures in the HT-7 tokamak

Abstract MT-II is a spherical tokamak with a major radius of 0.15 m and a minor radius of 0.09 m, currently under development at the Pakistan Tokamak Plasma Research Institute. It is designed with a higher elongation of 2.67. This paper presents the design and material analysis of the limiter configuration for the MT-II tokamak, which is being carried out in two phases. In the first phase, theoretical studies and calculations are performed to estimate the plasma edge temperature, density, particle velocity, input power, heat flux, heat load and surface temperature on the limiter tile. In the second phase, computational techniques are applied to analyses the material properties, the maximum/minimum surface temperature rise (∆T °C) at stable heat load and power deposition based on theoretical calculations that will help optimize the design parameters of the limiter. The type of material and the surface temperature of the limiter as well as the general design parameters of MT-II are included in the proposed poloidal limiter. The results suggest that crystalline vein graphite is a suitable candidate for the proposed poloidal limiter. A combination of mechanical and electrical feedthrough techniques are used to improve the performance of the limiter. The proposed limiter is able to meet the requirements of MT-II.

Determination of limiter design and material composition of MT-II spherical tokamak

Lower hybrid current drive experiments with graphite limiters in the HT-7 superconducting tokamak

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Lower hybrid current drive experiments with graphite limiters in the HT-7 superconducting tokamak