https://www.sefindia.org/forum/files/direct_strenght_method_105.pdf

Review: the direct strength method of cold-formed steel member design

Open cross-section, thin-walled, cold-formed steel columns have at least three competing buckling modes: local, distortional, and Euler ~i.e., flexural or flexural-torsional ! buckling. Closed-form prediction of the buckling stress in the local mode, including interaction of the connected elements, and the distortional mode, including consideration of the elastic and geometric stiffness at the web/flange juncture, are provided and shown to agree well with numerical methods. Numerical analyses and experiments indicate postbuckling capacity in the distortional mode is lower than in the local mode. Current North American design specifications for cold-formed steel columns ignore local buckling interaction and do not provide an explicit check for distortional buckling. Existing experiments on cold-formed channel, zed, and rack columns indicate inconsistency and systematic error in current design methods and provide validation for alternative methods. A new method is proposed for design that explicitly incorporates local, distortional and Euler buckling, does not require calculations of effective width and/or effective properties, gives reliable predictions devoid of systematic error, and provides a means to introduce rational analysis for elastic buckling prediction into the design of thin-walled columns.

/pdf/local-distortional-and-euler-buckling-of-thin-walled-columns-474hd2vytv.pdf

Local, Distortional, and Euler Buckling of Thin-Walled Columns

The interaction action between structures and supporting soil media is of fundamental importance in foundation design and it has always attracted the attention of both researchers and engineers. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in this field, highlighting the key areas of development, including the modelling of the soil media and various analytical as well as numerical approaches in analysing the interaction action between the foundation and soil. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Beams and plates on elastic foundations: a review

Vibration of multi-span non-uniform bridges under moving vehicles and trains by using modified beam vibration functions

Composite sections are being increasingly used as columns in multistory buildings. These sections provide considerable economy as they eliminate plywood formwork and allow large percentages of steel to be utilized in their application. The initial local buckling load of these sections is enhanced by the presence of the concrete infill and this allows very slender steel plates to be used in their fabrication. This paper investigates the local and postlocal buckling behavior of welded sections as box or wide flange I-sections. An extensive set of experiments was conducted on both hollow and concrete-filled steel box sections. Furthermore, a detailed study of flange outstands with and without concrete infill is considered in this paper. A numerical model based on the finite strip method is used to determine the initial local buckling stress incorporating residual stresses, and this is shown to agree well with the experiments. Finally, an effective width model developed elsewhere and presented in existing international codes is augmented and calibrated with the test results. This method is found to be useful in determining the axial compressive strength of these cross sections.

Local and Postlocal Buckling of Fabricated Steel and Composite Cross Sections

Introduction Interpolation Shape Functions Choice of Interpolation Shape Functions Available Interpolation Functions for Classical Finite Strips Longitudinal Functions for Spline Finite Strips Computed Shape Function Strips Constant Strain Conditions Plate Bending Problems Introduction Formulation for Thin Plate Bending Classical Plate Strips Spline Bending Strips Computed Shape Function (COMSFUN) Strips Curved Plate Strips Skew Plates Analysis of Moderately Thick Plates Least Square Formulation of Plate Bending Problems Plane Stress Analysis Introduction Classical Plane Stress Strips Spline Plane Stress Strips Computed Shape Function Strip (COMSFUN) Curved Plane Stress Strips Examples Mixed Formulation of Plane Stress Analysis Vibration and Stability Matrix Theory of Free Vibration Derivation of Consistent Mass Matrix of Classical Strips Derivation of Consistent Mass Matrix of Spline Strip Examples Linear Instability and Geometric (Stress) Stiffness Matrix Vibration Analysis of Moderately Thick Plates Modelling of Three Dimensional Solids: Finite Prism and Finite Layer Methods Introduction Finite Prism Method Finite Layer Method Domain Transformation: Treatments for Arbitrarily Shaped Structures Introduction Parametric Representation of Arbitrary Plane Curves Transformation for Arbitrarily Shaped Quadrilateral Plates Transformation of Arbitrarily Shaped Shells Transformation for Longitudinally Arbitrarily Curved Box Girders Applications to Shell Structures and Bridges Shell Structures Bridges Applications to Tall Buildings General Consideration and Structural Idealization Strip Elements Line Elements Discrete Beam Model Examples Applications to Layered Systems in Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Sandwich and Laminated Plates Geotechnical Problems Non-Linear Analysis Introduction Solution for Non-Linear System Material Non-Linearity Geometric Non-Linearity Non-Linear Vibration Transformation Approach: Fourier and Hankel Transforms Introduction Plane Strain Analysis Circular Loading Three-Dimensional Problem Viscoelastic Material (Creep) Consolidation Analysis Transport Problems Appendix: Program for the Analysis of Folded Plates and Box Girder Bridges by Classical Finite Strip Index

Finite strip method

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Finite strip method