This article proposes a model that conceptualizes health professionals' reactions to the multiple deaths of their patients, in terms of loss and grief. It suggests that grieving is both an individu...

A Proposed Model of Health Professionals' Grieving Process

Little is known about how nurses experience caring for dying patients. Yet, entering the patient's world often involves dealing with death and dying and is a major challenge to oncology nurses. The purpose of this article is to describe the shared practices of oncology nurses caring for dying patients. Stories from staff nurses on an oncology unit were analyzed using a hermeneutic method to identify and describe four themes: knowing the patient, preserving hope, easing the struggle, and providing for privacy. The four themes contribute to knowledge development about how nurses enter into and experience caring for dying patients. The growing body of knowledge previously reported has included descriptions of critical behaviors in caring for dying patients, coping strategies nurses used when caring for dying patients and their families, and the meaning of oncology nursing practice. The four themes described in this article expand our understanding of the nurses' experience in caring for dying patients.

Phenomenological study of nurses caring for dying patients.

Witnesses and Victims Both: Healthcare Workers and Grief in the Time of COVID-19.

Three major areas of concern can be identified in the relationship between health care providers and dying patients: a) the nature of the difficulties and stresses associated with terminal care, b) the education of providers for this kind of work, and c) the influence of organizational structure and institutionalized values on services for dying patients and their families. A review of the research literature indicates that obstacles to effective terminal care continue to exist at the personal, interpersonal, and social levels in the current American health care system. Particular attention is given to demonstrated differences among health care professionals in their sources of emotional support and to difficulties associated with innovations in terminal care. Recent developments such as the predetermined reimbursement for health care based on established diagnostic categories (DRGs) have the potential for generating further obstacles to the providers' efforts to function as one human being helping another.

Health care providers and dying patients: critical issues in terminal care.

1. The most common ways in which staff were affected by patient death were "low morale" and "loss of efficacy at work." 2. Staff most commonly reported coping with death by "sharing feelings," knowing that their "work contributed to a good death" and by "placing death in a good light," although one in five nurses reported no strategy for dealing with patient death. 3. Nurses who are most affected by patient death have a more difficult time caring for younger patients, tend to "take their stress home" and are more likely to base their nursing care on a personal relationship with the patient, than nurses who are less affected.

Patient death in a long-term care hospital. A study of the effect on nursing staff.

This investigation examined the prevalence and nature of grief in response to patient suffering, loss, or death among healthcare workers employed at a general hospital and a skilled nursing facility. A questionnaire was constructed for this purpose. Approximately two-thirds of the skilled nursing facility personnel remembered experiencing bereavement as a reaction to the crises of their geriatric patients. Mourning occurred among virtually all of the general hospital personnel who usually serve younger patients. Healthcare personnel mourned most often for those persons who suffered or died of cancer. A selected sample of respondents recalled that psychological symptoms of grief were more evident than physical. Both symptom types often persisted for more than 1 month. Since grief is common among nurses and aides employed at the two medical settings, bereavement counseling is suggested for those healthcare personnel who require this service.

Grief among Healthcare Workers: A Comparative Study.

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Grief among Healthcare Workers: A Comparative Study.