This study sought to evaluate physical activity in women at moderate risk for breast cancer, the correlates of engaging in regular physical activity, and whether physical activity relates to psychological well-being. The results revealed that 55% of women were regularly active. Logistic regression models indicated that positive affect was associated with increased and negative affect was associated with decreased overall and leisure activity. Older, married, and employed women were more likely to engage in household/occupational activity, whereas women who perceived their risk for breast cancer as high were less likely. More educated women and those with higher perceived risk were more likely to engage in leisure activity, and married women were less likely. These results suggest a need to increase activity levels in women at moderate risk for breast cancer, provide variables upon which interventions can be tailored to promote activity, and point to psychological benefits of activity in this population.

Physical activity in first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the acceptance of the traditional American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise recommendation (20–60 min of vigorous exercise at least three times per week) and of the new, broader Centers for Disease Control (CDC)/ACSM physical activity recommendation (30 min of moderate intensity activities on most days of the week) in an obese population and to elucidate the implications of meeting these recommendations on weight reduction during dietary treatment. DESIGN: Prospective dietary intervention study of 1000 kcal diet daily. SUBJECTS: 109 obese subjects (age: 45.6±13.1 y, body mass index (BMI): 38.1±6.0 kg/m2, (Female/Male: 81/19%) MEASUREMENTS: The time spent in moderate (3–6 MET, metabolic equivalents) and vigorous (6–10 MET) physical activities was assessed by use of the Stanford-7-Day-Physical-Activity-Recall-Questionnaire, with subsequent allocation of the subjects to one of three physical activity groups: meeting the traditional recommendation (TR), the new recommendation (NR) or neither of both (SED, sedentary subjects). Physical activity level, physical activity energy expenditure, total energy expenditure (based upon the questionnaire) and resting metabolic rate (by standard equation) were estimated at baseline. Body weight was determined at baseline and after a mean of 16.3 weeks of dietary treatment. RESULTS: The new, broader recommendation was met by twice as many of the obese subjects (34%) as was the traditional recommendation (17%). Weight reduction at follow up (−8.2±6.5 kg, 16.3±4.3 weeks, mean±s.d.) was positively correlated with the physical activity level at baseline (r=0.49, P<0.001). Meeting either the traditional or the new recommendation was associated with greater weight loss [−11.9±8.5 kg (TR) and −10.1±6.4 kg (NR), respectively, not statistically significant (NS)] as compared to being sedentary [−6.5±5.2 kg (SED), P<0.05 vs both NR and TR]. CONCLUSIONS: Not only participation in vigorous exercise, but also regular engagement in moderate intensity physical activities, as recently recommended by the CDC/ACSM, predicts greater weight reduction during dietary treatment, compared to being sedentary. The new, broader physical activity recommendation appears to be more readily accepted by obese subjects than the former ACSM recommendation on exercise training.

Implications of the traditional and the new ACSM physical activity recommendations on weight reduction in dietary treated obese subjects.

Reliability of group and telephone administered 7-day physical activity recall: 432

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Reliability of group and telephone administered 7-day physical activity recall: 432