Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are clay minerals with a hollow nanotubular structure. There is growing interest in these nanomaterials, due to their biocompatibility, potential applications and availability. The surface chemistry of HNTs is versatile for the targeted chemical modification of the inner lumen and outer surface. Functionalized halloysite constitutes a valuable support for metal nanoparticles, promoting catalytic applications with tunable properties. The peculiar tubular shape of HNTs favors the dispersion and surface availability of the supported metal nanoparticles that are active in the catalytic path. Moreover, the presence of an empty lumen opens new perspectives for the production of nanoarchitectures with synergistic catalytic effects, due to the increase in local concentrations and confinement. The main focus of this review is the research on modified halloysite nanotubes for the preparation of valuable supports for metal nanoparticles and their applications in catalytic processes.

Halloysite Nanotubes as Support for Metal-Based Catalysts

Halloysite nanotubes as support for metal-based catalysts

Anticancer potency of copper(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones.

Background Schiff bases and their metal complexes are emerging as key classes of medicinal compounds, possessing an enormous potential of biological activities like anticancer, anticonvulsant and antioxidant etc. The aim of this review is to examine the anticancer activity of different classes of Schiff bases and their metal complexes. Methods Anticancer activity of the already synthesized as well as the novel Schiff bases and their metal complexes was studied using different assays such as 3- [4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), PI staining, Sulforhodamine, Allium cepa, Sulfo- Rhodamine-B-stain(SRB), viability and potato disc against various human and animal cancer cell lines. Results The test results indicated significant differences in anticancer activity between subclasses of Schiff base compounds as well as between the Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes. Quinazolines showed a very high activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines. Pyrazole-naphthalene derivatives exhibited high activity against numerous carcinoma cells while [Ni(HL1)2(OAc)2] showed the highest. Azosal and its tin(IV) complexes displayed high activity against U-1242 MG and excellent activity against HCT-116 cell lines. 2-thiouracil sulfonamides displayed high activity against MCF7, CaCo-2 carcinoma cells. Vitamin-B6 and its oxovanadium complex showed good activity against MCF-7, 3T3 and cervical cancer HeLa cancer cell lines in the presence of visible light. Indoles displayed high activity against AMJ13. Porphyrines derivatives exhibited good activity while its binuclear(Y and K) complexes displayed high activity against several carcinoma cells. Chitosan complexes of [Pd(II) and Pt(II)] showed a very high anticancer activity against MCF-7 carcinoma cell. Conclusion Schiff bases possess a high potential to inhibit carcinoma cells which enhanced with complexation, but the mechanism of their antitumor activity is still doubt.

Schiff Bases and their Metal Complexes as Potential Anticancer Candidates: A Review of Recent Works.

A series of copper(I)–phosphine polypyridyl complexes have been investigated as potential antitumor agents. The complexes [Cu(PPh3)2dpq]NO3 (2), [Cu(PPh3)2dppz]NO3 (3), [Cu(PPh3)2dppa]NO3 (4), and [Cu(PPh3)2dppme]NO3 (5) were synthesized by the reaction of [Cu(PPh3)2NO3] with the respective planar ligand under mild conditions. These copper complexes were fully characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, FAB-MS, and NMR, UV–vis, and IR spectroscopies. Interactions between these copper(I)–phosphine polypyridyl complexes and DNA have been investigated using various spectroscopic techniques and analytical methods, such as UV–vis titrations, thermal denaturation, circular dichroism, viscosity measurements, gel electrophoresis, and competitive fluorescent intercalator displacement assays. The results of our studies suggest that these copper(I) complexes interact with DNA in an intercalative way. Furthermore, their high protein binding affinities toward human serum albumin were determined by fluores...

Copper(I)–Phosphine Polypyridyl Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, DNA/HSA Binding Study, and Antiproliferative Activity

Janus particles (JPs) are unique among the nano-/microobjects because they provide asymmetry and can thus impart drastically different chemical or physical properties. In this work, we have fabricated the magnetic halloysite nanotube (HNT)-based HNTs@Fe3O4 nanocomposite (NCs) and then anchored the Janus Au-Ni or isotropic Au nanoparticles (NPs) to the surface of external wall of sulfydryl modified magnetic nanotubes. The characterization by physical methods authenticates the successful fabrication of two different magnetic HNTs@Fe3O4@Au and HNTs@Fe3O4@Au-Ni NCs. The catalytic activity and recyclability of the two NCs have been evaluated considering the degradation of Congo red (CR) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) using sodium borohydride as a model reaction. The results reveal that the symmetric Au NPs participated NCs display low activity in the degradation of the above organic dyes. However, a detailed kinetic study demonstrates that the employ of bimetallic Janus Au-Ni NPs in the NCs indicates enhanced catalytic activity, owing to the structurally specific nature. Furthermore, the magnetic functional NCs reported here can be used as recyclable catalyst which can be recovered simply by magnet.

/pdf/the-enhanced-catalytic-activities-of-asymmetric-au-ni-1gtwzok69u.pdf

The Enhanced Catalytic Activities of Asymmetric Au-Ni Nanoparticle Decorated Halloysite-Based Nanocomposite for the Degradation of Organic Dyes

In the present study, two isostructural lanthanide (Ln)(III) complexes, namely Ln(HL)2(NO3)(CH3OH)2)·CH3OH, where Ln = La in complex 1 and Ce in complex 2, and hydrogen ligand (HL) = (E)-N'-[1-(2-pyridinyl)ethylidene]isonicotinohydrazone, have been isolated and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results revealed that the acylhydrazone ligand HL in each complex was deprotonated as an anionic ligand and coordinated to the central La(III) ion via enolization of oxygen and nitrogen atoms. Furthermore, the antitumor effects and potential mechanisms of the two complexes were explored in the human lung cancer cell line A549 and in the human gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SGC7901. In the present study, the roles the two complexes on the proliferation and apoptosis of the above tumor cell lines were determined by MTT assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, various apoptosis-associated key genes, including caspase 3, B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2, were detected by western blotting to explore the possible antitumor mechanisms of the two complexes. The results revealed that the two complexes had comparable antitumor activities in terms of inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in tumor cell lines. The changes in the protein expression levels of caspase 3, Bax and Bcl-2 further verified the apoptosis-promoting mechanisms of the two complexes in tumor cell lines. These findings have a great potential in biomedical applications of novel Ln(III) complexes.

/pdf/synthesis-characterization-and-antitumor-activity-of-ln-iii-8ykk4ciuts.pdf

Synthesis, characterization and antitumor activity of Ln(III) complexes with hydrazone Schiff base derived from 2-acetylpyridine and isonicotinohydrazone.

A serial of mixed-ligand Cu(II) complexes of the type [Cu(phens)(H2 PDILeu)]H2 O (1-4) containing phens as 2,2'-bipyridyl (bpy, 1), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, 2), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq, 3), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz, 4) have been isolated and characterized. The interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA has been explored by physical methods to propose modes of DNA binding of the complexes, which indicate that 4 interacts with DNA more strongly than all of the other complexes through intercalation interaction. Furthermore, cell apoptosis was detected by AnnexinV/PI flow cytometry and TUNEL assay and by Western blotting to detect the protein expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. All the three copper complexes can effectively induce apoptosis of the three human tumor cells, which was accompanied with upregulation of the expression of p53 and Bax, while Bcl-2 decreased.

Ternary Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of a Reduced Schiff Base Ligand with Diimine Coligands: DNA Binding, Cytotoxic Cell Apoptosis, and Apoptotic Mechanism.

Synthesis, characterization, and antitumor activity of three ternary dinuclear copper (II) complexes with a reduced Schiff base ligand and diimine coligands in vitro and in vivo

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The Enhanced Catalytic Activities of Asymmetric Au-Ni Nanoparticle Decorated Halloysite-Based Nanocomposite for the Degradation of Organic Dyes

Synthesis, characterization and antitumor activity of Ln(III) complexes with hydrazone Schiff base derived from 2-acetylpyridine and isonicotinohydrazone.

Ternary Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of a Reduced Schiff Base Ligand with Diimine Coligands: DNA Binding, Cytotoxic Cell Apoptosis, and Apoptotic Mechanism.

Synthesis, characterization, and antitumor activity of three ternary dinuclear copper (II) complexes with a reduced Schiff base ligand and diimine coligands in vitro and in vivo