Emergency transfusion with whole blood versus packed red blood cells: A study of 1400 patients

Associations between ABO non‐identical platelet transfusions and patient outcomes—A multicenter retrospective analysis

Introducción: la sangre es un fluido corporal con una función importantísima dentro de varios procesos biológicos y metabólicos. Los antígenos de tipo A y B determinados por herencia genética son los que se encuentran en la parte externa de los eritrocitos, varían en las diferentes poblaciones, por lo que son sujetos de importantes estudios diversas ramas de la medicina, en el área gineco-obstetricia, es importante identificar de forma temprana o preventiva una incompatibilidad sanguínea para favorecer la disminución de los índices de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal, ya que puede derivar en una enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido u otras complicaciones con mayor o menor grado. Objetivo: Recopilar la información más importante y actualizada sobre la incompatibilidad ABO. Metodología: Revisión sistemática documentos e investigaciones en inglés y español obtenidas de plataformas científicas como Elsevier, ScIELO, PubMed y de repositorios universitarios nacionales e internacionales desde el 2017, con descriptores como Sistema ABO, incompatibilidad sanguínea, materno-fetal, complicaciones, entre otras.  Resultados: De un total de 112 documentos inicialmente, 62 fueron utilizados para la lectura de sus resúmenes, excluyéndose los demás por falta de relevancia con el tema de investigación o duplicación de la información. Conclusiones: La incompatibilidad sanguínea ABO es una complicación que genera reacción antígeno- anticuerpo y que puede llegar a ser mortal. Por ello, todas las ramas médicas; o por lo menos la gran mayoría, considera inicialmente realizar pruebas de tipificación sanguínea para aplicar los tratamientos correspondientes o determinar la causa etiológica de una patología asociada, sabiendo que existen procesos naturales en ginecología en los que la incompatibilidad ABO puede generar complicaciones importantes en el neonato como la enfermedad hemolítica del recién nacido, anemias o hiperbilirrubinemia grave, mismos que aumentan los índices de morbimortalidad.

/pdf/incompatibilidad-abo-una-revision-bibliografica-2k7ui39b.pdf

Incompatibilidad ABO. Una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract Background and Objectives Some blood operators routinely screen blood donations for high‐titre (HT) anti‐A/B to reduce the risk of a haemolytic transfusion reaction due to out‐of‐group plasma‐rich components. We assessed donor factors associated with an increased likelihood of screening positive and compared routine data between England and Australia. Materials and Methods Data were assessed from HT screening during 2018–2020 in Australia and 2018–2021 in England, totalling nearly 6 million blood donations. Screening was performed using a Beckman Coulter PK7300 analyser with a micro‐titre plate saline direct agglutination test in both countries, although different reagent red cells were chosen. HT‐positive was defined as testing positive at a titre of 128 or above. Results The likelihood of a donor testing HT‐positive was greater for females than males, declined with age and was dependent on the ABO group. However, the proportion of donors testing HT‐positive was consistently higher in Australia than in England: overall, 14% of group O donations and 5% of group A donations in England tested HT‐positive, compared with 51% and 22%, respectively in Australia. English data also showed that donors from Black, Asian or mixed ethnic backgrounds were more likely to test HT‐positive than White donors. Conclusion These data demonstrate that donor sex, age, ABO group and ethnicity affect the likelihood of testing HT‐positive. Differences in testing methods likely had a significant impact on the proportion of donors testing as HT‐positive or ‐negative rather than any differences in donor populations. 

Influence of donor age, sex and ethnicity on high‐titre anti‐A and ‐B: Review of 6 million donations from two national blood providers

Abstract Background Group AB plasma does not contain anti‐A or anti‐B antibodies and is therefore considered universal but is in limited supply (4% of the population). There is currently no licensed universal plasma available, and therefore current clinical guidelines for transfusion require the donor and recipient to be blood group compatible. We sought to understand the benefits of universal plasma to hospitals in England, to inform R&amp;D priorities going forward. Study Design and Methods To understand the benefits of universal plasma (cryoprecipitate included), we distributed two surveys to hospitals (267 in total) in England. Results Safety was the perceived top benefit of universal plasma (95%), with cost identified as the main barrier to adoption (82%), although the majority of respondents were willing to pay more for universal components. Ninety‐five respondents felt they would replace all or part of their stock holding with universal plasma, with 91% anticipating that their overall stock holding of plasma would reduce as well as there will be a reduction in their plasma wastage (by up to 25%). Hospitals (56%) thought that the availability of universal plasma would support more rapid provision of plasma for transfusion, particularly in emergency situations, with the emergency/trauma department deemed to be the area that would see the greatest benefit from these universal blood components. Discussion The response to both the potential clinical and operational benefits of a universal plasma and cryoprecipitate was positive. 

Understanding the benefits of universal plasma and cryoprecipitate in hospitals in England

Risk of ABO-Incompatible Plasma From Non-ABO-Identical Components.

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Risk of ABO-Incompatible Plasma From Non-ABO-Identical Components.