Es gibt keine exakten empirischen Untersuchungen uber den Umfang der deutschen Romanproduktion im 17. Jh. Auch uber Auflagenhohen sind wir allenfalls in Einzelfallen unterrichtet. Die Klagen zeitgenossischer Kritiker uber die hereinbrechende Flut von Romanen mussen cum grano salis genommen werden. Nach unseren Begriffen war die Romanproduktion im 17. Jh. nicht sehr umfangreich. Heideggers Feststellung von 1698, das vierteljahrlich »einer oder mehr Romans« erschienen — was er selber als ein »ohnendlich Meer« bezeichnet (Mythoscopia Romantica, S. 13) —, durfte den Gegebenheiten recht nahe kommen. Wolfgang Kayser nennt fur 1740 die jahrliche Quote von nur 10 Romanen, die dann allerdings bis 1800 auf 500 ansteigt (S. 5 f.). Aus der Analyse der Frankfurter und Leipziger Meskataloge, deren Angaben freilich nicht sehr zuverlassig sind, ergibt sich neben dem bekannten Umstand, das bis zum Ende des 17. Jh.s mehr lateinische als deutschsprachige Bucher gedruckt werden, auch die Tatsache, das nur ein geringer Teil der deutschen Bucher dem Bereich »Poesie« zugerechnet werden kann (Knight, S. 6). Theologische Literatur, Erbauungsliteratur und weltliche Literatur informativen Charakters (Geographie, Politik, etc.) dominieren und beeinflussen ihrerseits die Romanliteratur, die das weitverbreitete Bedurfnis nach Information und Erbauung nicht ignorieren konnte (Knight, S. 8 f.).

Der deutsche Roman des 17. Jahrhunderts

Metzler Autoren Lexicon: Deutschsprachige Dichter und Schriftsteller vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart

This period, which begins before the Reformation and ends with the dawning of the Enlightenment, laid down the foundations of the thought and writing of the modern age and determined the future course of the German-speaking world. Germany in the modern sense did not yet exist, so the territory under discussion is the Holy Roman Empire. We must also remember that in this period most writers moved at will between Latin and German. Not until 1681 do the catalogues for the German book fairs show that more books were being published in German than in Latin. Books and writers before the Reformation Around 1445 in Mainz, Johann Gensfleisch ( c . 1400–68), better known as Gutenberg, succeeded in printing with movable metal type. He also used paper, invented in the twelfth century, but only readily available in Germany in the fifteenth. Manuscript and print survived side by side and the boundaries between them remained blurred for a long time. Scriptoria producing multiple copies of manuscripts for sale already existed in the fifteenth century, anticipating the mass-production of the printing press, while books in the early decades were so costly as to constitute luxury items on a par with manuscripts. Books were printed on parchment and manuscripts written on paper. Many early printed books were designed to look like manuscripts, while the manuscript itself survived as a prestige tailormade item for rich, usually courtly patrons. But the book as commodity had come into being and it is no accident that the early centres of printing and publishing were important commercial towns on international trade routes: Mainz, Strasbourg, Basle, Nuremberg, Augsburg, Ulm, Cologne and Leipzig.

The early modern period (1450–1720)

The reader is first reminded that the name given to a particular epoch is always a fabrication and thus dependent on interests and ideologies, unlike expressions simply denoting a historical period. The term «Baroque» is rooted in German historicism and is based on the experience of a plurality of beauty. In the Romanic world the reception given to the term «baroque» was not uniform. In Italy and Spain it was well received as it represented for the native literatures of the late 16th and the 17th centuries an aesthetic category which gave a positive identity to the difference (seen as a deficit) from French «Classicisme». In France it was not so readily accepted since the new term meant a shift of the literary-historical norm to Italy and Spain, with the result that French «Classicisme» was now seen only as a local manifestation of a moderate and retarded form of Baroque - for example, in the studies of Helmut Hatzfeld. Present-day difficulties arising from the use of the term are caused on the one hand by its double meaning, being both a historical and a typological concept, and on the other hand by interference with the term «Mannerism». In the spirit of Hugo Friedrich, the present author advocates the use of «Mannerism» as a concept of typological style, in the sense of a constant, and the use of «Baroque» as a concept of historical style, applied to a particular form of Mannerism under particular poetical and epistemological conditions. The article closes with a discussion of new definitions suggested by Joachim Kupper, which although interesting and productive are not necessarily appropriate. Above all they would lead to an impractical restriction on «Baroque» literature and to a correspondingly excessive increase in «manneristic» literature. Thus these suggestions constitute too radical a departure from normal usage and from a widespread view of the 17th century, as documented, for example, in Umberto Eco’s newest novel Uisola del giorno prima (1994).

Der Barockbegriff in der Romania. Notizen zu einem vorläufigen Resümee

The focus of this essay is the period of transition from Baroque to Enlightenment as expressed in the gallant novel and the Moral Weeklies. It is argued here that there occurred a natural, uninterrupted evolution of language and ethos in the narrative prose of the late seventeenth century to the novel of the eighteenth. In fact, it is suggested that the Moral Weeklies assumed a mediatory role in this evolutionary process.

The Gallant Novel and the German Enlightenment (1670–1750)

Philipp von Zesen@@@Philipp von Zesen 1619-1969: Beitrage zu seinem Leben und Werk@@@Burgerliche Romankunst im Zeitalter des Barock: Philipp von Zesens 'Adriatische Rosemund'@@@Philipp von Zesen: A Bibliographical Catalogue@@@Der Roman des Barock 1600-1700: Kommentar zu einer Epoche

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Philipp von Zesen@@@Philipp von Zesen 1619-1969: Beitrage zu seinem Leben und Werk@@@Burgerliche Romankunst im Zeitalter des Barock: Philipp von Zesens 'Adriatische Rosemund'@@@Philipp von Zesen: A Bibliographical Catalogue@@@Der Roman des Barock 1600-1700: Kommentar zu einer Epoche