Road and track irregularities have an important influence on the dynamic behaviour of vehicles. Knowledge of their characteristics and magnitude is essential for the design of the vehicle but also for comparable homologation and acceptance tests as well as for the planning and management of track maintenance. Irregularities of tracks and roads are regularly measured using various measurement technologies. All have advantages and weaknesses and require several processing steps. Characterisation of irregularities is done in the distance as well as in the wavelength domain. For rail irregularities, various distance domain description methods have been proposed and are in use. Methods have been analysed and compared with regard to their processing steps. Several methods have been analysed using measured irregularity and vehicle response data. Characterisation in the wavelength domain is done in a similar way for track and road irregularities. Here, an important issue is the estimation of the power spectral de...

Road and track irregularities: measurement, assessment and simulation

Bridge modal identification using acceleration measurements within moving vehicles

Modeling and validation of off-road vehicle ride dynamics

http://www.math.chalmers.se/Math/Research/Preprints/2010/47.pdf

Multivariate generalized Laplace distribution and related random fields

Analysis of the effects of vibration modes on fatigue damage in high-speed train bogie frames

The coherence function between road roughness in left and right wheel-path is studied. Empirical coherence functions are computed from 20 measured roads, with a total length of 520 km. It is found that the coherence estimates are similar, despite the wide range of studied road types. A one-parametric model, which describes the coherence using an exponentially decreasing function, is compared to the common isotropic model. It is found that the parametric model gives more accurate approximations of the empirical coherence functions than the isotropic model. An extensive vehicle simulation study verifies that the isotropic model is not accurate enough.

Coherence of road roughness in left and right wheel-path

Evaluation of stochastic models of parallel road tracks

Road profiles are analyzed with focus on road characteristics essential for heavy vehicle fatigue assessment. Road profile measurements indicate that roads contain short sections with above-average irregularity. Such rough sections are shown to cause most of the vehicle fatigue damage. An algorithm using a spatial-frequency description is developed to automatically identify rough sections. On the basis of the analysis, a new stochastic road model, with randomly placed and randomly shaped irregularities, is proposed.

Development of analysis tools and stochastic models of road profiles regarding their influence on heavy vehicle fatigue

Uncertainty of estimated rainflow damage for random loads

Road roughness is a major source of vehicle fatigue. To improve the understanding of vehicle durability, statistical methods are applied to characterise measured road profiles. Different statistical road models are used to generate corresponding synthetic road profiles. Vehicle fatigue is assessed utilising a simple quarter-vehicle model in combination with the Palmgren-Miner damage hypothesis, Basquin's relation and Rainflow counting. Several road realisations (Monte-Carlo simulation) provide an estimate of the expected fatigue damage. The results suggest that actual roads cause more damage than synthetic Gaussian roads, possibly due to occasional road transients (bumps and holes), causing large loads on the vehicle. Thus, a road model being the sum of Gaussian 'noise' and transient events is suggested

Fatigue relevant road surface statistics

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