Neck injuries and pathologies are widespread and cause disability. Clinicians use different tools to measure the cervical spine' mobility to diagnose different disorders. There are many reliable assessment methods for this purpose, but their benefits have not been deeply investigated and compared, as well as their measurement results. This review aims to summarise the advantages, accuracy, and reliability, of measurement tools and devices used in studies or trails related to the neck and cervical spine evaluation, to evidence the use of inertial sensors and compare them, to highlight the best assessment systems and their characteristics. A literature review has been performed in a range of five years, to obtain information about cervical spine evaluation. Studies that met the established inclusion criteria were selected and classified according their pathology studied, objectives and methodologies followed when evaluating the cervical spine functionality. Studies were described chronologically highlighting the tools employed, where the motion capture systems and cervical range of motion devices stood out as the most used and reliable methods. Cervical spine assessment studies employing systems with inertial sensors as an accurate method, is not evidenced in the sample. However, they are widely tested and different studies validate these systems for their clinical area use, obtaining high reliability and repeatability. Thereby, this review argues that inertial sensors have proven to be a portable, and easy to use tool for the evaluation of neck and its related pathologies, with a great accuracy level.

Analysis and evaluation of the systems used for the assessment of the cervical spine function: a systematic review

Deviated head posture is a defining characteristic of cervical dystonia (CD). Head posture severity is typically quantified with clinical rating scales such as the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS). Because clinical rating scales are inherently subjective, they are susceptible to variability that reduces their sensitivity as outcome measures. The variability could be circumvented with methods to measure CD head posture objectively. However, previously used objective methods require specialized equipment and have been limited to studies with a small number of cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel software system—the Computational Motor Objective Rater (CMOR)—to quantify multi‐axis directionality and severity of head posture in CD using only conventional video camera recordings.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/acn3.51549

Hold that pose: capturing cervical dystonia's head deviation severity from video

Evaluating the severity of depressive symptoms using upper body motion captured by RGB-depth sensors and machine learning in a clinical interview setting: A preliminary study.

Cervical Spine Assessment Using Passive and Active Mobilization Recorded Through an Optical Motion Capture.

In vivo three-dimensional analysis of hindfoot kinematics

Objective
To compare optical motion capture system (MoCap), attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) sensor, and Microsoft Kinect for the continuous measurement of cervical range of motion (ROM).

/pdf/validation-of-attitude-and-heading-reference-system-and-43v8nzogtm.pdf

Validation of Attitude and Heading Reference System and Microsoft Kinect for Continuous Measurement of Cervical Range of Motion Compared to the Optical Motion Capture System

Cervical dystonia (CD) is a chronic neurological movement disorder that causes involuntary neck muscle contractions, leading to abnormal movements or posture of the head. However, objective evaluation of severity of CD is lacking in the clinical practice. This study aimed to provide an objective evaluation of the severity of CD based on three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of the neck using wearable inertial sensors. Each inertial sensor was attached to the anterior chest and head of eight patients with idiopathic CD. The involuntary movements of neck were quantified by the rotation angle (RA) and magnitude of angular velocity (MAV) through axis-angle representation expressing 3D rotation. The characteristic posture of each patient was visualized. Four kinematic parameters, the mean and peak values of RA and MAV (Meanangle, Peakangle, Meanvel, and Peakvel) were calculated and correlation between each parameter values and the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) scores from all patients was analyzed to assess clinical validity. The test–retest reliability of the parameters was examined as well. Correlation coefficients of the Meanangle and Peakangle with TWSTRS were 0.28 and 0.69, respectively, whereas those of the Meanvel and Peakvel were 0.84 and 0.84, respectively. The MAV parameters showed a higher correlation with clinical severity than RA parameters. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the four parameters between the test–retest were more than 0.9. We conclude that objective evaluation of severity of CD based on kinematic parameters is clinically valid and has test–retest reliability.

Objective Evaluation of Cervical Dystonia Using an Inertial Sensor-Based System

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Kibum Youn

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Validation of Attitude and Heading Reference System and Microsoft Kinect for Continuous Measurement of Cervical Range of Motion Compared to the Optical Motion Capture System

Objective Evaluation of Cervical Dystonia Using an Inertial Sensor-Based System