From BPMN process models to DMN decision models

Services computing utilizes service-based technology to build IT services systems. A comprehensive understanding of service-based engineering framework is fully needed to build and to deliver the systems. This article outlines the proposition and the evaluation of services computing systems engineering framework based on service oriented architecture (SOA) principles. This framework is used as a guide to build services computing systems based on SOA. A maximize function-based analysis model is built to examine the feasibility of the framework and represent the optimization model of the processes. The findings indicate that the proposed framework can be well implemented in building the systems. The results show that the proposed framework satisfies the implementation requirements of the SOA principles. Furthermore, the analysis model demonstrates good results throughout the whole stages of the framework. This article contributes to practical knowledge in providing a systematic guide to build service-oriented systems.

Services Computing Systems Engineering Framework: A Proposition and Evaluation Through SOA Principles and Analysis Model

Separating decision modelling from the processes modelling concern recently gained significant support in literature, as incorporating both concerns into a single model impairs the scalability, maintainability, flexibility and understandability of both processes and decisions. Most notably the introduction of the Decision Model and Notation (DMN) standard by the Object Management Group provides a suitable solution for externalising decisions from processes and automating decision enactments for processes. This paper introduces a systematic way of tackling the separation of the decision modelling concern from process modelling by providing a Decision as a Service (DaaS) layered Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) which approaches decisions as automated and externalised services that processes need to invoke on demand to obtain the decision outcome. The DaaS mechanism is elucidated by a formalisation of DMN constructs and the relevant layer elements. Furthermore, DaaS is evaluated against the fundamental characteristics of the SOA paradigm, proving its contribution in terms of abstraction, reusability, loose coupling, and other pertinent SOA principles. Additionally, the benefits of the DaaS design on process-decision modelling and mining are discussed. Finally, the DaaS design is illustrated on a real-life event log of a bank loan application and approval process, and the SOA maturity of DaaS is assessed.

/pdf/decision-as-a-service-daas-a-service-oriented-architecture-3p8gt8sxq9.pdf

Decision as a Service (DaaS): A service-oriented architecture approach for decisions in processes

Modelling decisions in organisations is a challenging task. Deciding which modelling language to use for the problem at hand is a fundamental question. We investigate the Decision Model and Notation (DMN) standard and the IDP knowledge base system (KBS) in their effectiveness to model and solve specific real-life case problems. This paper presents two cases that are solved with DMN and IDP: (1) Income taxation for foreign artists temporarily working in Belgium; and (2) Registration duties when purchasing real-estate in Belgium. DMN is used as a front-end method, assisting the business analyst in the analysis and modelling of the business domain and communication with the domain expert. It is complemented with the representation of the logic in IDP as back-end system, which allows more forms of inference.

/pdf/a-case-based-inquiry-into-the-decision-model-and-notation-3pssonzynn.pdf

A case based inquiry into the decision model and notation (DMN) and the knowledge base (KB) paradigm

To deal reliably with the cognitive uncertainty experienced by decision-makers when facing problems involving linguistic group decision-making, we investigate a new research perspective: cognitive familiarity is regarded as a measure of cognitive reliability. The linguistic variables examined in this work are quantified with the use of several granulation optimization models that include consideration of cognitive reliability. Three types of linguistic variables are used for describing the alternative grades, attribute weights, and levels of cognitive familiarity associated with the experts involved. Three interrelated optimization models are built to quantify these linguistic variables. An information entropy model first determines cognitive familiarity, which is applied as a measure of cognitive reliability. Using group consistency and cognitive reliability, two proposed optimization models then successively establish the attribute weights and alternative grades. The final element is a proposed new selection method based on the aggregated values for the alternative grades and cognitive reliability. An illustrative example clarifies the steps in the proposed method, which produces a ranking of three alternatives as a final decision. The validity and advantages of the proposed method are verified through a comparison with existing approaches. The proposed method can be employed for effectively resolving decision-making uncertainty through the improvement of the group consistency and cognitive reliability of the experts. Sensitivity analysis also reveals that cognitive reliability has a strong impact on decision-making and should thus be considered during fusion processes.

Group Decision-Making with Linguistic Cognition from a Reliability Perspective

In recent years, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) technologies are emerging as a powerful vehicle for organizations that need to integrate their applications within and across organizational boundaries. In addition, organizations need to make better decisions more quickly. Moreover, they need to change those decisions immediately to adapt to this increasingly dynamic business environment. It is primarily a question in ensuring the decisional aspect by adopting the SOA as a support architecture. In this paper, we describe a new approach called SOA$$^\mathrm{+d}$$+d based on a certain number of standards. It is going to be studied on three dimensions: The first is related to the definition of the information system implied in the SOA based on the use case model. The second develops the business dimension which is based on the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). The last dimension addresses the need of decision; we use the new standard decision model and notation (DMN) which is recently approved by Object Management Group (OMG) and considered as a simple notation to specify the decision. Finally, Service Oriented Architecture Modeling Language (SoaML) will be used for design of several services. We also present our meta-model Decisional Model of Service (DMS) to define a new set of concepts necessary for modeling the three levels. Some of them are already known, whereas others are new and are proposed as an element of this work. we illustrate our proposal with a real case study in the Pharmacy Inventory Management.

SOA$$^\mathrm{+d}$$+d: a new way to design the decision in SOA--based on the new standard Decision Model and Notation (DMN)

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SOA$$^\mathrm{+d}$$+d: a new way to design the decision in SOA--based on the new standard Decision Model and Notation (DMN)