An Overview on the Advances of LiCoO 2 Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

A perspective on nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries

By breaking through the energy density limits step-by-step, the use of lithium cobalt oxide-based Li-ion batteries (LCO-based LIBs) has led to the unprecedented success of consumer electronics over the past 27 years. Recently, strong demands for the quick renewal of the properties of electronic products every so often have resulted in smarter, larger screened, more lightweight devices with longer standby times that have pushed the energy density of LCO-based LIBs nearly to their limit. As a result, with the aim of achieving a higher energy density and lifting the upper cut-off voltage of LCO above 4.45 V (vs. Li/Li+), the development of LCO-based all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with a Li metal anode and LCO-based full cells with high-performance anodes have become urgent scientific and technological requirements. This review summarizes the key challenges of synthesizing LCO-based LBs with a higher energy density from the perspectives of structure and interface stability, and gives an account of effective modification strategies in view of the electrodes, liquid electrolytes, binders, separators, solid electrolytes and LCO-based full cells. The improvement mechanisms of these modification strategies and the controversy over them are also analyzed critically. Moreover, some perspectives regarding the remaining challenges for LCO-based LBs towards a higher energy density and possible future research focuses are also presented.

Reviving lithium cobalt oxide-based lithium secondary batteries-toward a higher energy density

Battery industries and research groups are further investigating LiCoO2 to unravel the capacity at high-voltages (>4.3 vs Li). The research trends are towards the surface modification of the LiCoO2 and stabilize it structurally and chemically. In this report, the recent progress in the surface-coating materials i.e., single-element, binary, and ternary hybrid-materials etc. and their coating methods are illustrated. Further, the importance of evaluating the surface-coated LiCoO2 in the Li-ion full-cell is highlighted with our recent results. Mg,P-coated LiCoO2 full-cells exhibit excellent thermal stability, high-temperature cycle and room-temperature rate capabilities with high energy-density of ≈1.4 W h cc−1 at 10 C and 4.35 V. Besides, pouch-type full-cells with high-loading (18 mg cm−2) electrodes of layered-Li(Ni,Mn)O2 -coated LiCoO2 not only deliver prolonged cycle-life at room and elevated-temperatures but also high energy-density of ≈2 W h cc−1 after 100 cycles at 25 °C and 4.47 V (vs natural graphite). The post-mortem analyses and experimental results suggest enhanced electrochemical performances are attributed to the mechanistic behaviour of hybrid surface-coating layers that can mitigate undesirable side reactions and micro-crack formations on the surface of LiCoO2 at the adverse conditions. Hence, the surface-engineering of electrode materials could be a viable path to achieve the high-energy Li-ion cells for future applications.

Surface engineering strategies of layered LiCoO2 cathode material to realize high-energy and high-voltage li-ion cells

Recent advances and historical developments of high voltage lithium cobalt oxide materials for rechargeable Li-ion batteries

Improving thermal and electrochemical performances of LiCoO2 cathode at high cut-off charge potentials by MF3 (M=Ce, Al) coating

Effect of low Al3+ doping on the structural, electrochemical performances, and thermal stability of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Co1/3O2 electrode material for lithium-ion batteries

The invention relates to provision of a novel high performance material manufactured from particles of doped lithium cobalt oxide which are usable in the manufacture of cathodes for lithium ion rechargeable (or storage) batteries. The doping agent is selected from the group of lanthanide oxides. Other objects of the invention are a method of improving the stability and the storage capacity of rechargeable lithium ion batteries and a method of manufacturing particles of doped lithium cobalt oxide according to the invention.

Particles of doped litium cobalt oxide, method for preparing the same and their use in lithium ion batteries

Surface coating of LiCoO2 remained one of the efficient methods to enhance its electrochemical and thermal performances, especially at high cut-off potential. For several years, REMINEX research center has worked on the development of cathode materials for lithium batteries. Recently, a patent was published on a new cathode materials based on Ce doped-LiCoO2. Based on previous works and our know-how on cerium chemistry, we developed LiCoO2 coating using Ce-based compounds. In this work, CeF3 coated LiCoO2 was synthesized via solid state reaction of cobalt oxide and lithium carbonates followed by precipitation of CeF3 in presence of lithium cobalt oxide powder. The morphology and structure of the modified cathode material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show the disappearance of the Hexagonal-Monoclinic transition around 4.1V by coating. This transition contributes indeed in the structural instability of bare-LiCoO2. the fluoride compound CeF3 is successfully coated on the surface of LiCoO2 cathode particles with an average layer thickness about 40 nm. The electrochemical tests show that the CeF3-coating layer significantly enhances the cycling performance of LiCoO2 cathode material, even at high cut-off potential. While the bare LiCoO2 cathode displays fast fading at 4.6 V vs. Li+/Li cutoff potential, the surface-modified electrode exhibits the great capacity of 160 mAh/g with an excellent capacity retention on several cycles. The thermal stability of coated LiCoO2 was also improved by the surface modification. We concluded that the electrochemical and the thermal enhancement at high potential are ascribed to the presence of CeF3 coating layer which prevents the side reaction during the charge discharge process, alleviate the attack by the acidic electrolyte and reduce the damage of electrode structure.

High voltage stability and enhanced electrochemical performances of LiCoO2 by CeF3 coating

Synthesis and characterization of Y2O3 partially coated ZnO for Highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethazine

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