A study was carried out to investigate the incidence of Salmonella species among 300 children using stool samples from six hospitals in the metropolitan Kano. The organisms were investigated using cultural, serological biochemical characterization and sensitivity to some antimicrobial agents. The incidence of the bacteria was found to be highest among children of 20-24 months age
and least in 5-9 months age group. Out of the total samples positive for Salmonella, 24 were from males and 17 from females. The species of Salmonellae isolated comprised of Salmonella typhimurium which was the most predominant followed by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. As at the time of the study, there was significance difference between males and females in the incidence at P> 0.05. Among the antimicrobials used ciprofloxacin was found to be more effective than the others.

/pdf/incidence-and-antimicrobial-susceptibility-pattern-of-4zameejgzd.pdf

Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species in children attending some hospitals in kano metropolis, kano state –Nigeria

Possibility of a new infective ætiological agent in congestive cardiomyopathy

Deori, S., Kumar, H., Yadav, M.C., Rawat, M. and Srivastava, S.K. 2004. Intrauterine administration of bacterial modulins: An alternative therapy for endometritis. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 26: 117–121. To study recovery of endometritis in cows following intrauterine administration of certain bacterial modulins prepared in laboratory, twenty-four cows with endometritis were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each. The animals of group-I were given 100 μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli (Sigma Chemicals Co., USA), group-III animals received LPS of E. coli isolated from endometritis cows m laboratory (ILPS) using same dose and group-Ill bacteria free filtrate (BFF) of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from endometritis cows in the laboratory on the day of estrus. The control group animals received saline at similar times. There was a significant increase in total leucocyte count and the polymorphonuclear cells. The levels of immunoglobulins were higher in groups of animals that received L...

Intrauterine Administration of Bacterial Modulins: An Alternative Therapy for Endometritis

Teh (Camellia sinensis) merupakan hasil pertanian yang mengandung 
senyawa berkhasiat, terutama dalam bidang kesehatan. Beberapa jenis teh di 
Indonesia adalah teh hijau dan teh hitam. Teh kombucha merupakan air seduhan 
teh dan gula yang mengalami proses fermentasi selama 8-12 hari yang tersusun 
dari senyawa kompleks yang diubah oleh bakteri Acetobacter xylinum dan khamir 
Saccharomyces cereviseae. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui 
pengaruh jenis teh terhadap kinetika fermentasi teh kombucha dengan parameter 
kecepatan pertumbuhan spesifik (µ), hasil pertumbuhan sel (YX/S), pembentukan 
produk (YP/S), waktu generasi (Td), dan banyaknya penggandaan (N). 
Penelitian dilakukan di UPT Laboratorium Pusat MIPA Universitas 
Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Optimasi proses fermentasi dilakukan dengan jumlah 
inokulum 10 % (v/v), suhu 30oC dan kadar gula awal 10 % (b/v). Analisis 
terhadap kadar gula reduksi, kadar asam asetat, pH, dan mikrobiologis teh 
kombucha dilakukan selama 8 hari fermentasi dengan interval 24 jam. Data yang 
diperoleh akan dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif dan uji t-test sehingga dapat 
diketahui perbedaan kinetika fermentasi teh kombucha hijau dan teh kombucha 
hitam. 
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinetika fermentasi kombucha teh 
hijau kecepatan partumbuhan spesifik aerob dan anaerob yaitu 0,055/jam dan 
0,015/jam; hasil pertumbuhan sel 1,901 x 107 
cfu/mg; pembentukan produk 0,064; 
effisiensi produksi asam asetat terhadap gula reduksi 11,814 %; waktu generasi 
dalam suasana aerob dan anaerob 12,6 jam dan 46,2 jam; dan banyaknya 
penggandaan 3,583 kali. Sedangkan kinetika fermentasi kombucha teh hitam 
menunjukkan kecepatan partumbuhan spesifik aerob dan anaerob yaitu 
0,054/jam dan 0,018/jam; hasil pertumbuhan sel 2,425 x 107 
cfu/mg 
; 
pembentukan produk 0,081; effisiensi produksi asam asetat terhadap gula reduksi 
11,510 %; waktu generasi dalam suasana aerob dan anaerob 12,8 jam dan 38,5 
jam; dan banyaknya penggandaan 3,583 kali. Dengan uji t-test didapatkan hasil 
bahwa kecepatan pertumbuhan spesfik aerob, efisiensi produksi asam asetat 
terhadap gula reduksi, waktu generasi aerob, pertumbuhan sel dan pembentukan 
produk adalah tidak beda nyata. Sedangkan kecepatan pertumbuhan spesifik 
anaerob, waktu generasi anaerob, dan banyaknya penggandaan adalah beda nyata.

Kinetika fermentasi pada teh kombucha dengan variasi jenis teh berdasarkan pengolahannya

A facile synthesis of 6,7-di-[substituted]-phenyl-3-pyridin-4-yl-5H-[1,2,4]-triazolo-[3,4-b][1,3,4]-thiadiazines have been carried out by reacting 4-amino-3-mercapto-5-pyridin-4-yl-4H-[1,2,4]triazole with substituted benzoins in presence of potassium hydroxide. The required 4-amino-3mercapto-5-pyridin-4-yl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazole was synthesized by reacting isoniazide with carbondisulphide and potassium hydroxide followed by the addition of hydrazine hydrate. The acetylation of triazolo-thiadiazines afforded monoacetyl derivatives. The constitution of synthesized compounds have been delineated on the basis of chemical transformation, elemental analysis, equivalent weight determination and IR, H NMR spectral studies. The title compounds have been assayed for their biological activity against gram-positive as well as gram-negative microorgansms.

/pdf/synthesis-structural-study-and-biological-activity-of-uk4wu8zv02.pdf

Synthesis, Structural Study and Biological Activity of Bridgehead Nitrogen Containing Triazolo-thiadiazine Derivatives

Textbook of microbiology

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Textbook of microbiology