The emergence of crystalline silicon and silicon-based materials such as silicon-germanium as the premier materials and the personnel driving the integrated circuit (IC) microelectronics revolution will be reviewed. The major threshold events from the 1940s through the mid-1960s, presaging the onset of the large scale integration microelectronics era, will he highlighted. The major silicon material challenges such as dislocation-free single-crystal growth, plastic deformation, the point-defect dilemma, gettering, oxygen in silicon, carrier lifetime, and controlled point-defects in the silicon crystal during the evolution of silicon microelectronics from large scale integration through the very large scale integration era in the 1970s and the 1980s into the ultralarge scale integration era of the 1990s will then he reviewed. Opportunities in epitaxy, wafer cleaning, silicon-on-insulator, silicon-germanium, IC scaling and potential changes in device conliguration and IC architecture in the evolution towards the 64 Gbit DRAM and 9 G transistor high-performance MPU logic era in 2016 (per the 2001 edition of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors) will be discussed in the context of silicon-based microelectronics. The complementary role of compound semiconductors, nanoelectronics and the continuing initiative to obtain an optoelectronic system compatible with silicon will also he discussed. Finally, nonsilicon materials and device configurations will briefly be noted.

An Electronics Division Retrospective (1952-2002) and Future Opportunities in the Twenty-First Century

Los modelos clasicos de transmision de informacion com el de Shannon y
Weaver todavia se suelen considerar como los unicos escenarios posibles
en los que aplicaciones de procesado de senal se pueden modelar formalmente,
Mientras tanto, otras disciplinas como la Informatica han desarrollado
paradigmas diferentes que ofrecen la posibilidad de mirar el mismo problema
des de una perspectiva diferente. Una de las aproximaciones mas utilizadas
para el analisis y diseno de software es el paradigma Orientado a Objetos,
el cual propone modelar un sistema en objetos y relaciones entre objetos.
Un objeto es una instancia de un concepto abstracto o del mundo real compuesto
de una identidad, un estado y un comportamiento. De este modo un sistema
orientado a objetos se describe en funcion de sus objetos internos, los
mensajes que se pasan entre ellos y la forma que estos objetos responden
a los mensajes entrantes ejecutando un metodo concreto. Aunque las tecnologias
orientadas a objetos se han aplicado a sistemas de procesado de senal,
no hay ningun intento previo de trasladar todas las ventajas y consecuencias,
tanto practicas como formales, de este paradigma al dominio del procesado
de senal. Este trabajo defiende la tesis de que un sistema de procesado
de senal generico se puede describir completamente y de forma efectiva
utilizando el paradigma orientado a objetos. Para hacerlo, el Metamodelo
de Procesado de Senal Orientado a Objetos ofrece una clasificacion de objetos
segun su rol en un sistema. Los objetos se clasifican en dos categorias
principales: objetos que procesan y objetos que actuan como contenedores
de datos. Este metamodelo OO resulta estar muy cercano a las Redes De Procesos
con Flujos de datos, un modelo grafico de computacion que ya ha mostrado
su utilidad para modelar sistema de procesado de senal. En nuestro estudio
destacamos las similitudes de los dos modelos para concluir que la orientacion
a objeto

An object-oriented metamodel for digital signal processing with a focus on audio and music

This paper describes novel concepts for the interactive composition of artistic real-time graphics, so-called live visuals. By establishing two fundamental techniques dealing with the structured media integration and the intrinsic design process, we significantly increase the efficiency of interactive editing in live visuals applications. First, we present a media manager that supports the user in both retrieval and utilization of automatically annotated digital media. The computer-assisted application of individual media items permits the interactive control of non-linear editing (NLE) of video in real-time. Second, we optimize the design process by introducing the design tree, which collects and organizes the artist’s work in an intuitive way. Design tree operations provide interactive high-level editing methods which allow for exploration, combination, reuse, and evolution of designs before and particularly during the performance. We examined the effectiveness of our techniques on numerous long-lasting live performances from which representative examples are demonstrated.

Interactive Editing of Live Visuals.

Digital art has become a respected art form, and interest in this very interdisciplinary field is rapidly growing as more and more contemporary artists start employing computers for implementing their own creative work. This course focuses on techniques for creating digital visual art; in particular on the case where custom, not off-the-shelf software tools are applied. The attendees of the course learn how distinct techniques are applied in order to achieve specific artistic goals. They will further learn what consequences and requirements result from given artistic ideas in terms of realizing effective digital art software components.

Course digital art techniques

960810_01 and 970717_30

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Course digital art techniques

960810_01 and 970717_30