Metallothioneins in aquatic invertebrates : their role in metal detoxification and their use as biomarkers

This review compiles and evaluates existing scientific information on the use, limitations, and procedural considerations for EROD activity (a catalytic measurement of cytochrome P4501A induction) ...

Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in fish as a biomarker of chemical exposure.

Biomonitoring of heavy metal availability in the marine environment

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) appear in most urbanized coastal areas of the world, accumulating in sediments and biota that are unable to efficiently eliminate them. This review focuses specifically on the mechanisms of bioavailability, uptake, and elimination, which determine the extent of accumulation and retention of PAHs in invertebrates and fish in marine ecosystems. We review here the literature on the mechanisms and factors that control these processes which ultimately determine the concentration of PAHs in marine organisms. Understanding both the temporal and spatial characteristics of bioaccumulation of the environmentally important PAHs is crucial for determining the impact that this class of compounds may have on marine populations. To provide a complete assessment of these potential impacts, scientists require knowledge about the distribution of these compounds in different environmental matrices, their uptake and partitioning in different tissues, their rates of elimination, and their potential for persistence in certain species. The combined information on these mechanisms and the environmental factors that control accumulation will help scientists develop predictive models of contaminant accumulation both for acute events, such as oil spills, and for long-term, chronic exposure as is found in many urban areas in our coastal ecosystems.

Bioaccumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Marine Organisms

Histopathological alterations of white seabass, Lates calcarifer, in acute and subchronic cadmium exposure.

This text contains techniques for chemical and biological monitoring of estuaries and coastal waters, which have been applied successfully in field stations. The detection of man-made effects upon estuarine and coastal waters, caused by, for example, organic and inorganic pollutants and sedimentation, are discussed, and their effects on different forms illustrated. Each chapter considers a specific area of monitoring and presents a review of techniques currently in use. World-wide case studies illustrate the use of the technique in practical situations.

Biomonitoring of coastal waters and estuaries

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Biomonitoring of coastal waters and estuaries