Perovskite solar cells have emerged as a promising technology in the field of photovoltaics, owing to their notable advancements in power-conversion efficiency. Recent investigations have revealed a crucial dependency of efficiency on the source of bromide within the perovskite absorption layer. To elucidate the underlying nature of traps within these solar cells, a comprehensive series of measurements was conducted under varying light intensities. Subsequently, employing an electrodynamic theoretical model, the intrinsic processes inherent to caesium and lead-based perovskite solar cells with different bromide sources were analyzed. The study reveals significant differences in transient photocurrent measurements and photocurrent-voltage characteristics among perovskites originating from different bromide sources, measured under different light intensities. Leveraging theoretical analyses on the picosecond scale, the recombination mechanism of crystal defects was meticulously described revealing the pronounced influence of capture rates on electron-hole recombination dynamics. Furthermore, the investigation substantiated the presence of a band-bending phenomenon at the interface between the hole transport layer (HTL) and perovskite, elucidating the observed transient photocurrent phenomena. The findings significantly advance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying perovskite solar cells, offering valuable insights into their performance and paving the way for enhanced efficiency and stability in future device design and optimization. 

Quantitative loss analysis of opaque perovskite solar cells using transient and steady-state characterization

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn much attention in the photovoltaic field. At present, the energy conversion efficiency has achieved 25.5%. However, the hysteresis effect in the characterization of PSCs seriously affects the accuracy of PSCs technology. Therefore, hysteresis effect has become the object of attention in order to improve PSCs. In this paper, various photoelectric characterization techniques are mentioned for the study of hysteresis phenomena. Photoelectric characterization methods, space charge limited current, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, transient photocurrent/photovoltage are introduced. In the end, hysteresis is a shift in the representation of carrier dynamics due to ion migration. Hysteresis shows a characteristic of sweep speed dependence, indicating that ion migration is a slow and low frequency behavior. By increasing the bias voltage, ion migration can be more intense and the hysteresis will be more obvious.

Optoelectronic Techniques Boost the Investigation on Hysteresis and Ion Migration in Perovskite Photovoltaics

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Optoelectronic Techniques Boost the Investigation on Hysteresis and Ion Migration in Perovskite Photovoltaics