PLA composites: From production to properties

Improvement of thermal stability, rheological and mechanical properties of PLA, PBAT and their blends by reactive extrusion with functionalized epoxy

Poly (lactic acid) foaming

Composite materials are emerging as a vital entity for the sustainable development of both humans and the environment. Polylactic acid (PLA) has been recognized as a potential polymer candidate with attractive characteristics for applications in both the engineering and medical sectors. Hence, the present article throws lights on the essential physical and mechanical properties of PLA that can be beneficial for the development of composites, biocomposites, films, porous gels, and so on. The article discusses various processes that can be utilized in the fabrication of PLA-based composites. In a later section, we have a detailed discourse on the various composites and nanocomposites-based PLA along with the properties’ comparisons, discussing our investigation on the effects of various fibers, fillers, and nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and wear properties of PLA. Lastly, the various applications in which PLA is used extensively are discussed in detail.

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Critical Review on Polylactic Acid: Properties, Structure, Processing, Biocomposites, and Nanocomposites

Being commercialized in 1992, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has been considered for biomedical applications and as a reliable substitute for a wide range of commodity and engineering applications where noncompostable petroleum-based polymers are currently being used. However, PLA suffers from series of drawbacks and it would not be applicable unless these shortcomings resolve somewhat. Besides the PLA’s brittleness and low toughness which originate from its higher glass transition temperature, the major shortcomings which negatively influence the other features of PLA are its low melt strength and slow crystallization kinetics. These weaknesses limit the processability, formability and foamability of PLA, and hence, the manufacturing of PLA based products. In this context, the improvement of rheological and viscoelastic properties of PLA is of a great importance as it enhances the melt strength. To control the PLA’s rheological and viscoelastic properties, various attempts such as varying the D-lactide...

Rheology of poly (lactic acid)-based systems

Polylactide (PLA) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were melt blended using a twin-screw extruder. The morphology of PLA/CaCO3 composites was observed by scanning electronic microscopy. The linear and nonlinear shear rheological behaviors of PLA/CaCO3 melts were investigated by an advanced rheology expended system. The results show that the CaCO3 particles are evenly dispersed in the PLA matrix. The incorporation of low CaCO3 content ( 30%) leads to the increase of the storage moduli, loss moduli, and dynamic viscosities. The composites with high CaCO3 content show pseudo-solid-like behaviors at low frequency. High CaCO3 content also results in a significant increase of flow activation energy and a dramatic decrease of flow index n, which is in consistent with the more serious shear-thinning tendency of high-filled PLA composites melts. The particular rheological responses might be attributed to the formation and destruction of the percolating network. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009

Structure-Rheology Responses of Polylactide/Calcium Carbonate Composites

Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites filled with the pristine multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the purified CNTs were prepared by melt blending. The microstructure and linear viscoelastic properties wereinvestigated using rheological and morphological measurements. The results show that the purified CNTs disperse uniformly in the PP matrix. At low frequencies, frequency dependence of modulus weakens clearly with the addition of the CNTs, indicating that the long-range motion of the polymer chains is restrained by the presence of the CNTs. Percolation networks form when the loading levels achieve up to 3 and 1.5 wt% for the composites with the pristine CNTs (PPCNTs) and the purified CNTs (PPcCNTs), respectively. The linear relaxation modulus increases with increasing loading level. And for composites with loading levels above percolation concentration, the modulus appears to reach a plateau at long time scales due to the formation of percolation network. Tensile strength and impact strength are simultaneously improved with the addition of the CNTs. The better the dispersion of the CNTs, the greater the improvement of the tensile strength and the impact strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

Effect of dispersion on rheological and mechanical properties of polypropylene/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Cuo-Ceo2/Mxene Nanocomposite for Quantitative and Continuous Detection of H2o2

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Structure-Rheology Responses of Polylactide/Calcium Carbonate Composites

Effect of dispersion on rheological and mechanical properties of polypropylene/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Cuo-Ceo2/Mxene Nanocomposite for Quantitative and Continuous Detection of H2o2