The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) has been installed at the GANIL facility, Caen-France. This set-up exploits the stable and radioactive heavy-ions beams delivered by the cyclotron accelerator complex of GANIL. Additionally, it benefits from a large palette of ancillary detectors and spectrometers to address in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy of exotic nuclei. The set-up has been designed to couple AGATA with a magnetic spectrometer, charged-particle and neutron detectors, scintillators for the detection of high-energy γ rays and other devices such as a plunger to measure nuclear lifetimes. In this paper, the design and the mechanical characteristics of the set-up are described. Based on simulations, expected performances of the AGATA 1π array are presented.

Conceptual design of the AGATA 1π array at GANIL

The quantum-mechanic nature of nuclear matter is at the origin of the vision of a region of
enhanced stability at the upper right end of the chart of nuclei, the so-called ‘island of stability’.
Since the 1960s in the early second half of the last century, various models predict closed shells
for proton numbers 114–126 and neutron numbers such as 172 or 184. Being stabilized by
quantum-mechanic effects only, those extremely heavy man-made nuclear species are an ideal
laboratory to study the origin of the strong nuclear interaction which is the driving force for
matter properties in many fields ranging from microscopic scales like hadronic systems to
cosmic scales in stellar environments like neutron stars. Since the 1950s, experiments on
the synthesis of new elements and isotopes have also revealed various exciting nuclear structure
features. The contribution of Bohr, Mottelson and Rainwater with, in particular, the development
of the unified model played an essential role in this context. Although not anticipated in
the region of the heaviest nuclei, many phenomena were subsequently discovered like the
interplay of collective features manifesting themselves e.g. in nuclear deformation, ranging from
spherical to prolate and oblate shapes with the possible occurrence of triaxial symmetries, and
single particle states and their excitation into quasiparticle configurations. The continuous
development of modern experimental techniques employing advanced detection set-ups was
essential to reveal these exciting nuclear structure aspects in the actinide and transactinide
regions since the production cross-section becomes extremely small with increasing mass and
charge. Further technological progress, in particular, high intensity stable ion beam accelerator
facilities presently under construction, as well as potentially in the farther future radioactive
neutron rich ion beams provide a high discovery potential for the basic understanding of nuclear
matter.

Nuclear structure features of very heavy and superheavy nuclei—tracing quantum mechanics towards the ‘island of stability’

In-beam spectroscopy of heavy elements

New physics opportunities are opening up by the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array, AGATA, as it evolves to the full 4π instrument. AGATA is a high-resolution γ-ray spectrometer, solely built from highly segmented high-purity Ge detectors, capable of measuring γ rays from a few tens of keV to beyond 10 MeV, with unprecedented efficiency, excellent position resolution for individual γ-ray interactions, and very high count-rate capability. As a travelling detector AGATA will be employed at all major current and near-future European research facilities delivering stable and radioactive ion beams.

/pdf/physics-opportunities-with-the-advanced-gamma-tracking-array-39v8qsgfa5.pdf

Physics opportunities with the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array: AGATA

The SPIRAL facility at GANIL, operational since 2001, is described briefly. The diverse physics program using the re-accelerated (1.2–25 MeV/u) beams ranging from He to Kr and the instrumentation specially developed for their exploitation are presented. Results of these studies, using both direct and compound processes, addressing various questions related to the existence of exotic states of nuclear matter, evolution of new 'magic numbers', tunnelling of exotic nuclei, neutron correlations, exotic pathways in astrophysical sites and characterization of the continuum, are discussed. The future prospects for the facility and the path towards SPIRAL2, a next generation ISOL facility, are also briefly presented.

pdf/nuclear-structure-and-reaction-studies-at-spiral-1thak7eiv7.pdf

Nuclear structure and reaction studies at SPIRAL

A new gas-filled operation mode of the large-acceptance spectrometer VAMOS at GANIL is reported. A beam rejection factor greater than 1010 is obtained for the 40Ca+150Sm system at 196 MeV. The unprecedented transmission efficiency for the evaporation residues produced in this reaction is estimated to be around 80% for ®xn channels and above 95% for xnyp channels. A detailed study of the performance of the gasfilled VAMOS and future developments are discussed. This new operation mode opens avenues to explore the potential of fusion reactions in various kinematics.

New gas-filled mode of the large-acceptance spectrometer VAMOS

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New gas-filled mode of the large-acceptance spectrometer VAMOS