Analysis of adaptive imaging algorithms for ultrasonic non-destructive testing

A phantom, and a method and system for scanning the phantom, is provided for assessing the performance of ultrasound scanners. The phantom has tissue mimicking material (TMM) sections with different backscatter properties. The resolution of the scanner is assessed by measuring the response of the system to a step change in backscatter. Penetration and sensitivity of the scanner can also be assessed by measuring backscatter properties. Layers of the phantom can comprise lesions to enable quantification of the lesion detection performance of the scanner. The scanner can also comprise regularly spaced targets to enable assessment of the distance measurement accuracy of the scanner.

Assessment of the performance of ultrasound imaging systems

Les essais effectues sur les transducteurs concernent la perte d'insertion, la reponse en frequences, impulsionnelle, l'impedance electrique et la formation d'image d'un diagramme de rayonnement

Ultrasonic transducer characterization

We have developed a phantom manufactured with thin film techniques that enables precise placement of sub-resolvable "digital scatterers" on an acoustically transparent supporting medium within the scan plane of an ultrasound system. This technique permits formation of sophisticated test targets commonly used in imaging science. These phantoms can reveal the combined influence of all the stages in the imaging chain, as well as demonstrate imaging phenomenon that are difficult or not feasible to evaluate with conventional ultrasound phantoms. Use of half-tone mask techniques permit the specification of placement, pattern and statistical distribution of these "digital scatterers" necessary to produce images with definable gray scale characteristics. We have also been able to produce controlled stimulus sources for Doppler and color flow Doppler evaluation.

A new imaging science phantom for performance evaluation of ultrasonic imaging systems

Beam characteristics of a transducer play a major role in defining the resolution of any ultrasound imaging system. Direct experimental estimation of the beam profile is often desirable, however, one has to carefully correct for effects that are attributed to the measurement process itself. We report here our experience of using a measurement tech nique developed for circular disk focused transducers. When the anticipated beam size is much smaller than 0.5 mm the use of a hydrophone to scan the monochromatic beam is not adequate. A more suitable approach is to make a measurement in pulse-echo mode using a thin (125 micron or less) wire target. In this case, a short pulse excitation is used from which the monochromatic information is derived via Fourier transform. However, two measurement artifacts need to be corrected. Multiple reflections due to the finite wire size show up as periodic spikes in the spectrum. These were corrected for using Cepstrum domain filtering method. Second, the wire target measurement essentially represents a one-dimensional projection of the two-dimensional beam pat tern in a plane perpendicular to the beam axis. Smoothing effects were investigated by comparing experimental results and theoretical predictions based on Lommel diffrac tion formulation. The apodization of the transducer to remove the side-lobes would have also caused an increase in width of the main lobe. Line Spread Function and Modulation Transfer Function, with respect to frequency and distance from the target to the transducer, were characterized and reported.

Development of a technique to measure the MTF of a transducer used in an ultrasonic fingerprint scanner

The concept of the modulation transfer function, which is used to evaluate high quality optical systems, components and materials, has been adapted for the first time in a systematic way in ultrasonics to characterise high frequency focused transducers. The additional complexity of ultrasonics compared with optics has been analysed and treated. A 2-D MTF characteriser is presented, as a counterpart to the 1-D function in optics. An example of a complete experimental procedure providing the full performance of focused transducer is presented.

Characterisation of high frequency focused ultrasonic transducers using modulation transfer function: concept and experimental approach

Detection limits for single small flaws and groups of flaws when using focussed ultrasonic transducers

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Characterisation of high frequency focused ultrasonic transducers using modulation transfer function: concept and experimental approach

Detection limits for single small flaws and groups of flaws when using focussed ultrasonic transducers