http://www.cern.ch/accelconf/e98/PAPERS/WEP08H.PDF

Tomographic measurements of longitudinal phase space density

of the Dissertation Search for Supersymmetry in States with Large Missing Transverse Momentum and Three Leptons including a Z-Boson

Search for Supersymmetry in States with Large Missing Transverse Momentum and Three Leptons including a Z-Boson

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), due to be commissioned in 2005, will provide particle physics with the first laboratory tool to access the energy frontier above 1 TeV, In order to achieve this, protons must be accelerated and stored at 7 TeV, colliding with an unprecedented luminosity of 10/sup 34/ cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/. The 8.3 Tesla guide field is obtained using conventional NbTi technology cooled to below the lambda point of helium. Considerable modification of the infrastructure around the existing Large Electron Positron collider (LEP) tunnel is needed to house the LHC machine and detectors. The project is advancing according to schedule with most of the major hardware systems including cryogenics and magnets under construction, A brief status report is given and future prospects are discussed.

/pdf/the-large-hadron-collider-present-status-and-prospects-1r6qhs559m.pdf

The Large Hadron Collider-present status and prospects

A technique for splitting bunches into three has recently been proposed as an alternative to debunchingrebunching in a synchrotron[1]. The preservation of longitudinal emittance and the possibility of maintaining a gap in the bunch train are key features expected from this new process. A proof of principle has been established experimentally at the CERN PS in 1999. This showed that the nominal longitudinal characteristics of the proton beam for the LHC could be achieved at the exit of the PS with the help of triple splitting. The method is described and experimental results presented. Other possible applications are sketched.

/pdf/demonstration-of-bunch-triple-splitting-in-the-cern-ps-3b63ht61mw.pdf

Demonstration of bunch triple splitting in the cern ps

This report sums up in two volumes the first 50 years of operation of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. After an introduction on the genesis of the machine, and a description of its magnet and powering systems, the first volume focuses on some of the many innovations in accelerator physics and instrumentation that it has pioneered, such as transition crossing, RF gymnastics, extractions, phase space tomography, or transverse emittance measurement by wire scanners. The second volume describes the other machines in the PS complex: the proton linear accelerators, the PS Booster, the LEP pre-injector, the heavy-ion linac and accumulator, and the antiproton rings.

/pdf/fifty-years-of-the-cern-proton-synchrotron-volume-2-3de7u29zph.pdf

Fifty years of the CERN Proton Synchrotron : Volume 2

M. Benedikt, A. Blas, J. Borburgh, R. Cappi, M. Chanel, V. Chohan, G. Daems, A. Fowler, R. Garoby, J. Gonzalez, D. Grier, J. Gruber, S. Hancock, C.E. Hill, A. Jansson, E. Jensen, A. Krusche, P. Maesen, K.D. Metzmacher, R. Losito, J. Olsfors, M. Paoluzzi, J. Pedersen, U. Raich, J.P. Riunaud, J.P. Royer, M. Sassowsky, K. Schindl, H. Schönauer, L. Sermeus, M. Thivent, H. Ullrich, W. Van Cauter, F. Völker, M. Vretenar.

The PS Complex as Proton Pre-Injector for the LHC - Design and Implementation Report

The LHC [1] will be supplied, via the SPS, with protons from the pre-injector chain comprising Linac2, PS Booster (PSB) and PS. These accelerators have undergone a major upgrading programme [2] during the last five years so as to meet the stringent requirements of the LHC. These imply that many high-intensity bunches of small emittance and tight spacing (25 ns) be available at the PS extraction energy (25 GeV). The upgrading project involved an increase of Linac2 current, new RF systems in the PSB and the PS, raising the PSB energy from 1 to 1.4 GeV, two-batch filling of the PS and the installation of high-resolution beam profile measurement devices. With the project entering its final phase and most of the newly installed hardware now being operational, the emphasis switches to producing the nominal LHC beam and tackling the associated beam physics problems. While a beam with transverse characteristics better than nominal has been obtained, the longitudinal density still needs to be increased. An alternative scheme to produce the 25 ns bunch spacing is outlined, together with other promising developments.

The ps complex produces the nominal lhc beam

The LHC pre-injector complex, comprising Linac 2, the PS Booster (PSB) and the PS, has undergone a major upgrade in order to meet the very stringent requirements of the LHC. Whereas bunches with the nominal spacing and transverse beam brightness were already available from the PS in 1999 [1], their length proved to be outside tolerance due to a debunching procedure plagued by microwave instabilities. An alternative scenario was then proposed, based on a series of bunchsplitting steps in the PS. The entire process has recently been implemented successfully, and beams whose longitudinal characteristics are safely inside LHC specifications are now routinely available. Variants of the method also enable bunch trains with gaps of different lengths to be generated. These are of interest for the study and possible cure of electron cloud effects in both the SPS and LHC. The paper summarizes the beam dynamics issues that had to be addressed to produce beams with all the requisite qualities for the LHC.

/pdf/performance-of-the-lhc-pre-injectors-55y5lhokil.pdf

Performance of the lhc pre-injectors

In preparation for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), extensive modifications have been made to the RF equipment of the PS Booster (PSB) and of the PS during the winter shut down ’97-98’. Low-frequency RF systems (0.6 - 1.8 MHz and 1.2 - 3.9 MHz) have been installed in the PSB and fixed frequency (40 and 80 MHz) systems in the PS. The longitudinal characteristics of all beams are changed to make the best use of the new capabilities. This paper summarises the characteristics of the new equipment and describes the RF gymnastics used to generate the various beams. The performances achieved so far are reported and compared to former results. Future plans are sketched. CERN/PS 98-022

/pdf/beams-in-the-cern-ps-complex-after-the-rf-upgrades-for-lhc-tds09kih6v.pdf

Beams in the cern ps complex after the rf upgrades for lhc

/pdf/description-of-beam-matter-interaction-in-the-covariance-3ymvspb80c.pdf

Description of Beam-Matter Interaction in the Covariance Matrix Formalism - Application to Modification of Emittance and Twiss Parameters

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