https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/818298/file/818329.pdf

Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines

Four types of hydrogen detectors are used by researchers, engineers, and manufacturers 
today, and if hydrogen continues to play a role in emerging alternative energy sources, 
there will be exponential growth in the use and need for more advanced and more robust 
devices in the future. The types of sensors reviewed in this chapter are (1) room-temperature hydrogen leak sensors; (2) thermometers, particularly useful at low temperature; 
(3) liquid hydrogen volume and mass gauges; and (4) para/ortho hydrogen ratiometers.

A review of hydrogen as a compression ignition engine fuel

This study reviews the main problems of high air pollution levels at many urban cities and sustainability of the transportation fuels, and addressing their control measures using hydrogen energy system. In the world, majority of the transportation vehicle fleets consume the fuels derived from fossil resources. The development of economy activities indicate the increase in transportation services resulting in increased fuel consumption and high emissions, especially unregulated emission carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas (GHG). Therefore, utilization of hydrogen as fuel in vehicle fleet would improve energy security and reduce the GHG emission. A feasibility of hydrogen energy system, which includes its resources, production technologies, storage, fuel transportation, dispensing and utilization, is analysed for the road transportation sector. In addition to this, the study highlights the technical issues and its control strategy for addressing the problems of the transportation system using the hydrogen. Moreover, hydrogen is the cleanest fuel, especially when coupled with renewable energy sources. The road transportation sector with hydrogen energy system would give the desirable results including high energy efficiency and zero carbon based emission (CO, CO 2 , HC, PM) resulting in strengthening of sustainability of the system. The Governments of many countries have made ambitious policies and provide strong financial support to research organizations including universities and institutions for development of hydrogen energy system. Many companies express strong interest in the commercialization of hydrogen fuelled vehicles either internal combustion engines based, fuel cell based or hybrid technology.

Sustainable development of road transportation sector using hydrogen energy system

https://hydrogengarage.com/pdf/HHOdiesel.pdf

Effect of H2/O2 addition in increasing the thermal efficiency of a diesel engine

Experimental investigation of hydrogen port fuel injection in DI diesel engine

Experimental Investigation of Hydrogen Fuel Injection in DI Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

Performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen - diesel dual fuelled engine using port injection

Hydrogen is expected to be one of the most important fuels in the near future for solving not only the problem of greenhouse emissions but also carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon thereby protecting the environment in addition to, saving conventional fuels. In the present experimental work hydrogen was used in the dual fuel mode with diesel as an ignition source. Hydrogen was injected in the intake port and diesel was injected directly into the combustion chamber. The injection timing and injection duration for hydrogen injection was controlled by an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). An hydrogen injector fitted on the intake port was used to inject the hydrogen fuel during the intake stroke. For experiments a single cylinder, AV1 Kirloskar, DI Diesel engine was used. The hydrogen injection timing was fixed at suction TDC and injection duration was fixed at 30 ° , 60 ° , and 90 ° crank angles. The injection timing of diesel was kept constant at 23 ° BTDC. Results show that, the NO X emission decreases from 1806 ppm for diesel to 1690 ppm at full load for 30o injection duration for hydrogen and 1606 ppm for 90o injection duration in the dual fuel mode. The smoke reduces significantly from 4.06 BSN for diesel operation at full loads compared to 2.1 BSN for hydrogen operation with 90o injection duration with a further reduction in smoke to 1.2 BSN with 30o and 60o injection duration.

/pdf/studies-on-port-injected-hydrogen-in-a-dual-fuel-d-i-diesel-33srb8m5e9.pdf

Studies on Port Injected Hydrogen in a Dual Fuel D.I. Diesel Engine

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Experimental investigation of hydrogen port fuel injection in DI diesel engine

Experimental Investigation of Hydrogen Fuel Injection in DI Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

Performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen - diesel dual fuelled engine using port injection

Studies on Port Injected Hydrogen in a Dual Fuel D.I. Diesel Engine