The feasibility of partially substituting ordinary raw materials with municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash in alinite cement production was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The physical properties and leaching behavior of the produced cement were also evaluated. Experimental results show that good quality clinkers can be obtained by firing the raw mixes, in which the replacement of MSWI fly ash reaches to 30%, at 1200 °C for 2 h. Alinite cements have higher early strengths at all gypsum additions, while the best result having acceptable early and 28-day strengths is obtained at 5% of gypsum addition. Results also show that the leaching toxicity of heavy metals is far lower than that of the regulatory limit at all testing ages. Based on this study, MSWI fly ash is viable as an effective, alternative raw material in alinite cement production.

Preparation of alinite cement from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

Production and properties of alinite cements from steel plant wastes

A chlorine-bearing alinite cement was synthesized using reagent-grade chemicals, and the phase evolution and hydration behavior of the alinite clinker were examined. The effects of the MgO content on alinite formation and hydration also were investigated. Alinite began to appear at 1000°C from β-C 2 S, C 11 A 7 CaCl 2 , and unreacted raw materials, and an almost single-phase alinite was obtained at 1300°C. The alinite phase also was produced without MgO addition. However, CaO, β-C 2 S, and C 11 A 7 CaCl 2 phases were present. Alinite cements hydrated rapidly after a short incubation period, and the hydration products were C-S-H gels, Ca(OH) 2 , and a Fridel's saltlike phase. The local environmental changes of silicon and aluminum during the formation and hydration of alinite were determined using magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Cl - -ion exsolution from the alinite paste during hydration was measured using ion chromatography.

Synthesis and Hydration Characteristics of Alinite Cement

Zn and/or Fe substituted alinite cement was synthesized using reagent grade chemicals, and its formation and hydration behavior were investigated. Mg, which is known to be essential for alinite formation, was completely replaced by Zn. XRD, FT-IR, and 29Si MAS NMR results indicated that a Zn substituted alinite was a nearly single phase and was easy to grind compared to Mg-alinite. In addition, partially or fully Zn substituted alinite had superior hydration characteristics, and NMR results showed that most of the alinite was hydrated after 100 days. Fe substitution of Al was not effective for alinite formation and its hydration properties were similar to Mg-alinite. Cl− ions leached out during alinite hydration, but the exsolution of Zn and Fe was below the detection limit.

Isomorphic substitution and the hydration behavior of alinite cement

Comparative investigation of corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement in alinite and Portland cement mortars

Synthesis, structure and thermal decomposition of alinite

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Synthesis, structure and thermal decomposition of alinite