This datasheet on Clavibacter sepedonicus covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Environmental Requirements, Seedborne Aspects, Impacts, Uses, Prevention/Control, Further Information.

Clavibacter sepedonicus (potato ring rot)

Abstract Background Bacterial ring rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum) caused by the gram‐positive coryneform bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus is an important quarantine disease threatening the potato industry around the globe. Since its original description in 1906 in Germany, management of ring rot has been a major problem due to the seedborne nature (via seed tubers not true seeds) of the pathogen allowing the bacterium to be transmitted long distances via infected tubers. Disease symptoms On growing potato plants: interveinal chlorosis on leaflets leading to necrotic areas and systemic wilt. On infected tubers: vascular tissues become yellowish brown with a cheesy texture due to bacterial colonization and decay. Host range Potato is the main host of the pathogen, but natural infection also occurs on eggplant, tomato, and sugar beet. Taxonomic status of the pathogen Class: Actinobacteria; Order: Actinomycetales; Family: Microbacteriaceae; Genus: Clavibacter; Species: Clavibacter sepedonicus (Spieckermann and Kotthoff 1914) Li et al. 2018. Synonyms (nonpreferred scientific names) Aplanobacter sepedonicus; Bacterium sepedonicum; Corynebacterium sepedonicum; Corynebacterium michiganense pv. sepedonicum; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. Microbiological properties Gram‐positive, club‐shaped cells with creamy to yellowish‐cream colonies for which the optimal growth temperature is 20–23°C. Distribution Asia (China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, South Korea, Uzbekistan, the Asian part of Russia), Europe (Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Romania, European part of Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine), and North America (Canada, Mexico, USA). Phytosanitary categorization CORBSE: EPPO A2 list no. 51. EU; Annex designation I/A2.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/mpp.13191

Bacterial ring rot of potato caused by Clavibacter sepedonicus: A successful example of defeating the enemy under international regulations

IMPORTANCE
DNA-based detection and quantification of soil-borne pathogens, such as the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC), plays a vital role in risk assessment, but meanwhile, precise quantification is difficult due to the poor purity and yield of the soil DNA retrieved. The internal sample process control (ISPC) strain RsPC we developed solved this problem and significantly improved the accuracy of quantification of RSSC in different soils. ISPC-based quantitative PCR detection is a method especially suitable for the quantitative detection of microbes in complex matrices (such as soil and sludge) containing various PCR inhibitors and for those not easy to lyse (like Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and thick-wall cells like resting spores). In addition, the use of ISPC strains removes additional workload on the preparation of high-quality template DNA and facilitates the development of high-throughput quantitative detection techniques for soil microbes.

Quantitative detection of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex in soil by qPCR combined with a recombinant internal control strain.

A test performance study (TPS) was organized in 2018 with ten official testing laboratories to evaluate the performance of different real‐time PCR tests for the detection of Clavibacter sepedonicus and/or Ralstonia solanacearum in potato tubers. Participants were sent spiked potato extracts with low (0.8–1.2 × 10⁴ cfu mL‐¹), medium (1.6–2.4 × 10⁵ cfu mL‐¹) and high (1.6–2.4 × 10⁷ cfu mL‐¹) bacterial loads, DNA extracts thereof and heel‐end cores from symptomatic potato tubers. The four real‐time PCR tests in this TPS for detection of C. sepedonicus were considered fit for purpose as principal screening methods. Two real‐time PCRs in this TPS were considered fit for purpose as principal screening methods for detection of R. solanacearum. A third real‐time PCR missed 23% of the DNA samples from low‐level R. solanacearum spikes and is considered not fit for purpose as a principal screening method. Correct identification of spiked samples was lower when DNA extraction from the spiked samples was performed by the participating laboratories, highlighting the importance of appropriate DNA extraction protocols.

Test performance study for detection of Ralstonia solanacearum and Clavibacter sepedonicus in potato tubers with TaqMan PCR

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Test performance study for detection of Ralstonia solanacearum and Clavibacter sepedonicus in potato tubers with TaqMan PCR