Chemical vapour deposition of coatings

The feasibility of Ti/TiB composite by in situ precipitation of the reinforcement have been investigated. The titanium monoboride can be obtained by the chemical reaction between TiB2 and Ti powders. The fabrication method requires two stages: the first stage corresponds to the compacting of the pre-blended powders and the second one to the nucleation and growth of the TiB needles. By controlling the second stage, it is possible to monitor the density and the aspect ratio of the reinforcement. Bend tests have been performed on these composites reinforced with 20% in volume of discontinuous TiB needles and it has been demonstrated that the load transfer is efficient to get a 50% improvement of the Young's modulus of the titanium. The simplicity of this technique makes this material very attractive for numerous applications.

In situ preparation of titanium base composites reinforced by TiB single crystals using a powder metallurgy technique

Interfacial zone design in titanium-matrix composites reinforced by SiC filaments

The properties of chemical vapour deposited diamond are reviewed and many properties are shown to approach or equal those for natural diamond. The manufacture of solid diamond fibres via chemical vapour deposition on various wire and ceramic cores and the production of hollow diamond fibres by removal of the cores is described. The potential values of Young's modulus of continuous and discontinuous diamond fibres, calculated using the rule of mixtures, are predicted to be substantially higher than for current commercial SiC fibres. Corresponding increases in compressive stiffness are expected, with significant increases in specific buckling loads for hollow fibres. Hollow fibres may also allow the use of sensors in smart structures. The factors affecting the cost of diamond fibres are discussed. It is concluded that chemical vapour deposited diamond fibres offer for the first time the possibility of exploiting the properties of diamond on a large scale via diamond fibre composites.MST/2098

Chemical vapour deposited diamond fibres: manufacture and potential properties

Various metal oxides are potential reaction barriers in titanium/silicon carbide composites. A sol-gel process utilizing metal alkoxides was developed to coat silicon carbide fibres with relatively thick, crack-free, adherent layers of yttrium and calcium oxide. A multiple-dip technique was employed in order to avoid cracking due to large residual thermal and drying stresses produced in the film. The influence of several processing parameters and the geometry of the substrate on the coating thickness is discussed.

Fabrication of thin oxide coatings on ceramic fibres by a sol-gel technique

The development of titanium-based composites has been hindered largely because of interfacial diffusion. When SiC is in contact with titanium at elevated temperatures, metal silicide (Ti5Si3) and carbide (TiC) are formed. The aim of our work is to reduce the fibre-matrix interaction at high temperatures by interposing compounds between the metal and SiC reinforcement. Procedures are described for the formation of thin layers on silicon carbide fibres (Sigma) by sputter deposition. Sputtering offers good control over density and stress state, thickness and composition. Past work has shown that sputtered Y2O3 deposited on SiC, SiCSi or metal can reduce the degree of ceramic-metal reaction. Use of the Gibbs free energy of formation of TiO2 provides a simple basis for the assessment of this material for use in a titanium matrix. Since TiSi2 and silicon are also present in the TiSi diagram, they could act as diffusion barriers. Coatings of TiSi2, Y2O3 and ZrO2 have been produced by sputter deposition. The stoichiometry of the coatings has been revealed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Coated fibres have been used to prepare titanium-based composites by hot pressing. Annealing between 900 and 1100°C has been performed. Scanning microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy have been used to investigate the interfacial products.

Investigation of diffusion barrier coatings on SiC monofilaments for use in titanium-based composites

Various filament coatings were investigated in order to control the fiber/matrix interaction in titanium or aluminide matrix composites. Making use of the sputtering technique metallic, intermetallic and oxide layers were deposited onto silicon carbide filaments. The composites processed with these protected reinforcements according to the diffusion bonding method allowed the advantages of the Si, TiSi2 or Y2O3 coatings to be pointed out. Compared to the well known pyrocarbon layers, these in erphases offer a better oxidation resistance while delaying fiber-matrix chemical reaction.

SYNTHETIC INTERFACES DESIGNED FOR SiC REINFORCED TITANIUM OR INTERMETALLIC MATRICES

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Investigation of diffusion barrier coatings on SiC monofilaments for use in titanium-based composites

SYNTHETIC INTERFACES DESIGNED FOR SiC REINFORCED TITANIUM OR INTERMETALLIC MATRICES