Engineered biochar for oil/water separation: Processing and mechanism

In this paper, a simple dipping technique was employed to construct a 3D interpenetrating network structure coating, which was used to prepare a robust, superhydrophobic and magnetic sponge. The modified sponge exhibits rapid adsorption behavior, high adsorption capacity (up to 60–159 times its own dry weight or above 119 %–186 % of its own volume for various oils/organic solvents), stable superhydrophobicity and reusability. After 100 times extrusion adsorption test, it retains 70 % adsorption capacity and the WCA is still over 140°. More importantly, the modified sponge presents excellent robustness and chemical stability after a long time of chemical reagent treatment (HCl, KOH, NaCl) and mechanical friction test 1000 cycles. Notably, the magnet, pump, self-adsorption, gravity and solar-driven oil/water separation devices based on the modified sponge also were applied, particularly the separation of crude oil mixtures via the solar-driven mode, demonstrating the broad prospects of such modified sponges in actual applications. As such, this study not only provides an environmentally friendly, efficient, robust and low-cost design strategy for multi-state oil spill cleaning, but also focuses on solving the problem of material recovery and the use of materials in harsh environment. 

Magnetic superhydrophobic sponge with 3D interpenetrating network structure coating for multimodal driven oil/water separation

The transportation of beehives poses a significant challenge in the beekeeping industry. To address the manual handling practices prevalent in the beekeeping industry and enhance the automation level, this study attempts the design and development of a mobile auxiliary beekeeping device mounted on a caterpillar vehicle for beehive transportation. Specifically, the design of the auxiliary device was completed in SolidWorks with the notion of the cylindrical mechanical arm. Subsequently, a dynamic model of the simulated environment is constructed using RecurDyn, facilitating the determination of the torque requirements for each joint based on the dynamic model. Furthermore, the multi-flexible body dynamics analysis is utilized to conduct a flexible analysis of the auxiliary beekeeping device's three principal components and the maximum beehive weight, which can be safely transported, is estimated through simulation analysis. Particularly, field experiments involve the use of strain gauges to measure the stress exerted on the components of the auxiliary beekeeping device during actual beehive transportation. Additionally, it incorporates the errors and precision associated with each joint, and the planar positioning accuracy result. Meanwhile, the maximum torque required for the joints, which is about 5 N·m was determined by simulation results, affirming that the selected drive motors can meet the operational requirements. Through simulation, it is determined that the auxiliary device can handle a maximum beehive weight of 126 kg, approximately three times the weight of the standard beehives (40 kg) utilized in beekeeping farms. This ensured that the auxiliary device poses no risk of overturning during the beehive transportation. In addition, the stress levels at crucial locations are ascertained through on-site strain experiments. Interestingly, the auxiliary support part (57.68 MPa) and the spindle connection (58.8 MPa) experienced the highest stress levels; and the stress levels in the telescopic rod and lower support part remained below 5 MPa. In particular, these stress levels fall within the permissible range of the materials employed (200 MPa), which ensures the auxiliary device's safe utilization. An evaluation of each joint's operational accuracy showed that the planar positioning accuracy result of joint 1 and joint 2 is 9.65 mm for 50% CEP and 23.55 mm for 95% CEP, respectively. Furthermore, the highest final error was exhibited by the vertical extension joint (11.48 mm), indicating that the auxiliary device can successfully accomplish the beehive transportation tasks within beekeeping farms. Overall, this research provides a solid foundation for the subsequent development of automated beehive handling devices. 

Development, analysis, and verification of an intelligent auxiliary beekeeping device mounted on a crawler transporter

In this study, the casting/forging process was applied in manufacturing a low control arm, in order to prove that application of casting/forging process to Al6061 is likely to get the effect of light weight compared with existing steel products and to reduce the cost of materials. Firstly, In order to set up the optimum casting condition of the forging material, Al6061, casting experiments were carried out by controlling pouring temperature of the aluminum for casting, mold temperature, and pouring time. pouring temperature, mold temperature and 10-second pouring time were taken into account as the optimum casting conditions. With respect to a hot forging test, it is practiced on the basis of a temperature of materials, strain rate, and reduction rate so as to observe each microstructure and examine strain-stress curve simultaneously; examine tensile test and hardness test; eventually set up the optimum hot forging condition. A hot forging test, tensile test, hardness experiment, and microstructure observation were carried out on condition of reduction rate, temperature of materials, and 1 strain rate. As a result of those experiments, 330MPa tensile strength, elongation, and 122.8Hv hardness were recorded. In oder to get a sound preform which has no unfitting cavity and less flash, two preforms were proposed on the basis of volume rate of the final product; the optimum volume rate of preform for the low control arm was . In conclusion, it is confirmed that using the forging material rather than casting materials in casting/forging process is likely to get more superior mechanical properties. Compared with Al6061, performed by means of general forging, moreover, cast/forged Al6061 can not only stimulate productivity by reducing production processes, but cut down the cost of materials by reusing forging scraps.

Forging Effect of Al6061 in Casting/Forging Process

In the contemporary field of optimal trajectory planning for industrial robots, it is customary to construct trajectories through the manual predefinition of interpolation functions. Unfortunately, this method frequently overlooks the influence of the interpolation function itself on the optimization objectives, resulting in suboptimal outcomes. To remedy this limitation, an optimal trajectory planning method with coupled interpolation function selection is proposed, in which the total task time and the integral squared jerk are defined as optimization objectives. This method minimizes the optimization objectives while also factoring in the optimal interpolation function, and avoiding subjective interference. To address the aforementioned biobjective optimization problem better, an Improved MultiObjective Golden Eagle Optimizer is introduced. Population diversity and the ability to escape local optima are enhanced through the incorporation of Chaotic Mapping, Opposition‐Based Learning, Differential Evolution, and adaptive inertia weight strategy into the algorithm. The superiority of the algorithm is validated through a series of simulations on 17 benchmark functions. In the context of the robotic stirring operation within the automated block cast charging process, the proposed method is utilized to derive the time–jerk optimal trajectory. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Time–jerk optimal trajectory planning for industrial robots with coupled interpolation function selection

To effectively shorten product development cycle, cut down the expense and reduce costs, in the production forging process of aluminum alloy swing arm, the technological process of sawing off, high temperature heat treatment, roll forging, blank making, flattening, die forging, residual edge removing and forging inspection are adopted. Taking Deform-3D software as the platform, the forging process of aluminum alloy swing arm is modeled and simulated by finite element method, and the flow law of cold extrusion metal during the forging process of aluminum alloy swing arm is analyzed. The results show that the forging process can achieve a better forming forging, which can provide a theoretical basis for the actual industrial production of forgings.

Simulation Analysis of Forging Process of Automobile Aluminum Alloy Swing Arm

High-flux, efficient and reusable zeolite/stainless steel meshes for oil/water separation

The application of robots reduces repetitive and dangerous tasks for humans, especially the spraying robot, because many spraying materials are corrosive, toxic, and harmful. This paper designs the motion trajectory planning of the material spraying service robot. With the increasing demand for technology, there are strict requirements for the uniformity and thickness of spraying. In view of this, this paper proposes an algorithm for modeling kinematics using a joint screw and optimizes the modeling algorithm using particle swarm optimization. This makes the industrial spraying robot more intelligent and more capable of completing high-standard tasks. The experimental results in this paper show that when the spraying radii on the large-curvature cone surface are 44.5 and 49.5 mm, respectively, the coating distribution in the intersection area of the curved surfaces can be well controlled, and the optimized algorithm can better plan the path of the spraying robot.

Motion Trajectory Planning and Design of Material Spraying Service Robot

Restoration on magnetite mine waste substrates using Western Australian native plants only marginally benefited from a commercial inoculant

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Simulation Analysis of Forging Process of Automobile Aluminum Alloy Swing Arm

High-flux, efficient and reusable zeolite/stainless steel meshes for oil/water separation

Motion Trajectory Planning and Design of Material Spraying Service Robot

Restoration on magnetite mine waste substrates using Western Australian native plants only marginally benefited from a commercial inoculant