Research advances of magnesium and magnesium alloys worldwide in 2021

With the increasingly excellent performance of magnesium alloy materials, magnesium alloys are increasingly widely used under the urgent need for weight reduction in aerospace applications. However, due to the severe aviation environment, the strength, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of magnesium alloy materials need to be further improved. Many scholars are committed to studying higher comprehensive mechanical properties. Besides, they have studied surface treatment processes with space application characteristics, such as high emissivity oxidation and high anti-corrosion electroplating. To further improve the safety and reliability of magnesium alloys and expand their applications, this paper discusses several kinds of magnesium alloys and summarizes their research progress. The whole manuscript should be revised by an expert who has more experience on English writing. At the same time, the surface treatments of magnesium alloy materials for aerospace are analyzed. Besides, the application of magnesium alloy in aerospace field is summarized. With the in-depth research of many scholars, the improvement of material properties and the development of surface protection and functional technology, it is believed that magnesium alloys will be used in more and more aerospace applications and make more contributions to the aerospace field. 

Applications of magnesium alloys for aerospace: A review

Recent advances in micro-alloyed wrought magnesium alloys: Theory and design

Enhancing strength and ductility of low-cost rare earth Mg-5Y-Ni alloy containing LPSO phase fabricated via multi-pass rolling based on dislocation regulation and grain refinement

The additions of alloying elements can significantly improve the mechanical properties of magnesium (Mg) alloys, mainly due to the fact that their additions change the critical shear stresses (CRSS) for dislocation slips. In this work, experimental and computational methods were used to explore the mechanisms responsible for the roles of Sm element addition in affecting the mechanical properties of Mg. The results showed that the addition of Sm obviously improves the microstructure and mechanical properties. It promotes the formation of twins and beneficially activated the non-basal <a> slip at the initial stage of plastic deformation, resulting in a high ductility. The Visco-Plastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) and the two-beam diffraction results confirmed that the pyramidal <c + a> slip and prismatic <a> slip were activated during tensile testing. The quantitative analysis of slip traces verified that the volume of non-basal slips reached 35 % after Sm addition. The additions of Sm with solid solution increased the activities of pyramidal <c + a> dislocation during deformation, which was beneficial to accommodate the c-axis strain, and finally improved the room temperature ductility of Mg. First-principle calculations demonstrate that the solute Sm atoms would reduce the stacking fault energy for basal and prismatic slips. 

Designing Mg alloys with high strength and ductility by reducing the strength difference between the basal and non-basal slips

Mg-2.6Sm-1.3Gd-0.6Zn-0.5Zr (wt.%) alloy is prepared with metal mold casting and followed hot extruded at 400°C with the extrusion ratio of 25:1. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-extruded alloy are investigated using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the as-extruded alloy is fully dynamically recrystallized, which develops rare earth (RE) texture component. The as-extruded alloy shows an age-hardening response at 200°C, in which there are numerous nano-scale plate strengthening phase β′ precipitated in the matrix. The as-extruded alloy in the peak-aged condition exhibits ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 332 MPa, 220 MPa and 22.7% at room temperature, respectively. The dominant strengthening mechanisms of the investigated alloy are fine-grain strengthening, solid solution strengthening and precipitate strengthening.

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the Mg-Sm-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy during extrusion

The microstructures and tensile properties of extruded Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn-xCe sheets with various Ce contents (0, 0.3, 0.7 and 1.2 wt%) were investigated at room temperature. Ce addition refined the grain size and resulted in the formation of new Mg12Ce phases. The volume fraction of Mg12Ce phases increased with the increase of Ce additions, which impeded the growth of dynamic recrystallized grains during extrusion and consequently led to the texture weakening of Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn based sheets. Grain refinement and massive Mg12Ce phases provided the highest strength in the Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn sheet with 1.2 wt% Ce addition. Moreover, due to more basal slip, pyramidal slip activity and uniform strain distribution, the ductility of extruded Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn sheet with 0.3 wt% Ce addition along the extrusion direction exhibited the maximum value of 33.6%, which was approximately 17.9% higher than that of the Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn sheet. However, with the further increase of Ce additions (0.7 and 1.2 wt%), the ductility of the sheets deteriorated gradually, which was associated with the increase of coarse Mg12Ce particles.

Influence of Ce content on the microstructures and tensile properties of Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn alloys

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Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the Mg-Sm-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy during extrusion

Influence of Ce content on the microstructures and tensile properties of Mg-1Gd-0.5Zn alloys