Characterization of a new continuous gas-mixing sulfidogenic anaerobic bioreactor: Hydrodynamics and sludge granulation.

The essential role of hydrophobic interaction within extracellular polymeric substances in auto-aggregation of P. stutzeri strain XL-2

This study investigated Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst deposition onto biofilms as a function of shear stress under laminar or turbulent flow. Annular rotating bioreactors were used to grow stabilized stream biofilms at shear stresses ranging from 0.038 to 0.46 Pa. These steady-state biofilms were then used to assess the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on C. parvum oocyst attachment. C. parvum deposition onto biofilms followed a pseudo-second-order model under both laminar (after a lag phase) and turbulent flows. The total number of oocysts attached to the biofilm at steady state decreased as the hydrodynamic wall shear stress increased. The oocyst deposition rate constant increased with shear stress but decreased at high shear, suggesting that increasing wall shear stress results in faster attachment of Cryptosporidium due to higher mass transport until the shear forces exceed a critical limit that prevents oocyst attachment. These data show that oocyst attachment in the short and long term are impacted differently by shear: higher shear (to a certain limit) may be associated with faster initial oocyst attachment, but lower shear is associated with greater numbers of oocysts attached at equilibrium.IMPORTANCE This research provides experimental evidence to demonstrate that shear stress plays a critical role in protozoan-pathogen transport and deposition in environmental waters. The data presented in this work expand scientific understanding of Cryptosporidium attachment and fate, which will further influence the development of timely and accurate sampling strategies, as well as advanced water treatment technologies, to target protozoan pathogens in surface waters that serve as municipal drinking water sources.

Role of Wall Shear Stress in Cryptosporidium parvum Oocyst Attachment to Environmental Biofilms.

Long-term effects of hydrocyclone operation on activated sludge morphology and full-scale secondary settling tank wet-weather operation in long sludge age WWTP.

Optimal hydraulic shear strength and mechanism of activated sludge floc re-growth after breakage.

Shear stress is one of the key factors in aggregation and detachment of microbial flocs, which will influence the production of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) as well. In this study, the components and composition of activated sludge EPS, including loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), were analyzed under different shear stresses. To perform this, sequencing batch reactors were set up separately with various shear stresses (represented by superficial upflow air velocity). The results show that shear stress significantly affects EPS production in the SBRs. When the superficial upflow air velocity increased from 2.3 to 9.1 m/h, the contents of total EPS, TB-EPS, and LB-EPS first increased and then decreased. The highest total EPS (70.94 mg COD/gVSS) and LB-EPS (27.96 mg COD/gVSS) contents were obtained under superficial upflow air velocity of 5.7 m/h, while the maximum TB-EPS (45.03 mg COD/gVSS) content was attained when superficial upflow air velocity rose up to 6.8 m...

The influences of shear stress on Extracellular Polymeric Substances of activated sludge

The invention relates to a potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device and a method for purifying a black and smelly riverway by using the same. The potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device comprises a box body, a pipeline, a aerator, a secondary sedimentation tank and a jet diffuser, wherein the pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the box body, and penetrates through the whole box body; a filler is arranged inside the box body; the pipeline consists of a submerged pump, a main water pipe and a connecting pipe; the submerged pump is connected at one end of the main water pipe; the connecting pipe is arranged on the main water pipe; the connecting pipe is connected with one end of a branch pipe though a tee pipe; the other end of the branch pipe is connected with the aerator and the secondary sedimentation tank sequentially; the jet diffuser is connected to a water outlet pipe of the secondary sedimentation tank; a main gas pipe is arranged inside the box body; the top end of the main gas pipe is exposed in air; and the bottom end of the main gas pipe is connected with the main water pipe. Sewage can purified under the action of the potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device; the potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device can be flexibly installed at a riverway, is low in operating cost, is completely self-controlled, can restore aquatic ecological environment stably and sustainably, and is applicable to treatment of the black and smelly riverway.

Potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device and method for purifying black and smelly riverway by using same

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The influences of shear stress on Extracellular Polymeric Substances of activated sludge

Potted-landscape-type aerating ecological wetland device and method for purifying black and smelly riverway by using same