Optical Engineering Core 28 hours CPE 112 3 Intro To Computer Programming MA 113, MA 115, or Level III placement FSM EE 307 3 Electricity and Magnetism EE 300 FSM EE 313 3 Electrical Circuits II Preor co-requisite: EE 307 FSM EE 447 3 Electromagnetic Waves EE 313 S OPE 453 3 Laser Systems EE 307 F OPE 455 2 Optical Engineering Laboratory PH 113, OPT 342, EE 382 or OPT 442 S OPE 459 3 Optical Engineering Design ISE 321, Senior standing S OPT 341 3 Geometrical Optics PH 113 F OPT 342 3 Physical Optics OPT 341 S OPT 411 2 Geometrical Optics Laboratory PH 116, OPT 341, OPE 441 suggested co-requisite F

海外文献紹介 Optical Engineering

Deviation in phase difference of the light passing each of the red, green, and blue dots, i.e., 2π*(α*d R *Δn R +Re R )/λ R , 2π*(α*d G *Δn G +Re G )/λ G , and 2π*(α*d B *Δn B +Re B )/λ B , are matched when thickness of a liquid crystal layer 7 at red, green, and blue dots are d R , d G , and d B ; wavelength of a visible light passing each dot is λ R , λ R , and λ B ; refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal layer 7 in the visible light wavelengths λ R , λ R , and λ B is Δn R , Δn G , and Δn B ; and retardations of a retardation plate are Re R , Re G , and Re B . This enables the achievement of a reflective color LCD with high achromatic color during white display and high contrast display.

Retardation matching using the liquid crystal twist angle for different color dots within a pixel of a reflective color LCD

Characteristics of LCoS Phase-only spatial light modulator and its applications

Detailed formulas were derived by using Yeh’s formulation of the extended 2×2 Jones matrix and applied to twisted nematic liquid-crystal displays at oblique angles of incidence. Numerical comparisons of this extended Jones matrix method with the exact 4×4 Berreman matrix and with the extended Jones matrix of Lien are presented. The various extended Jones matrix formulations differ in their approach to boundary-condition matching between the model birefringent layers. We show that Yeh’s version is a more accurate approximation to the full 4×4 matrix. This extended Jones matrix method is fast, direct, and simple. It is also physically more intuitive.

Coparison of extended jones matrices for twisted nematic liquid crystal displays at oblique angles of incidence

Comparison of extended Jones matrices for twisted nematic liquid-crystal displays at oblique angles of incidence

Reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal displays consisting of just one input polarizer, a liquid crystal cell, and a rear reflector are discussed. We first show that all such display modes reported in the literature can be depicted systematically in a series of parameter space diagrams. Then by making use of such diagrams as a guide, we show that other new high quality reflective display modes can be obtained. The three parameters that are varied are the input polarizer angle α, the liquid crystal twist angle φ, and the cell gap–liquid crystal birefringence product dΔn. A full numerical simulation which takes into account of the liquid crystal director deformation under the application of an electric field was used to optimize such displays. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical predictions.

Reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal displays. II. Elimination of retardation film and rear polarizer

— A generalized mixed twisted-nematic/birefringent-effect mode reflective LCD is presented. This new mode encompasses all previously published reflective nematic LCD modes and is clearly shown on the parameter space diagrams. We also discuss how to obtain operating conditions of this generalized mixed-mode display with large cell gaps, low color dispersion, and high contrast at low voltages. This operating mode is particularly suitable for reflective crystalline-silicon-backplane active-matrix LCDs.

Generalized mixed-mode reflective LCDs with large cell gaps and high contrast ratios

By searching the parameter space of reflective nematic liquid crystal displays, two new operating modes were discovered that should have applications to both direct view and projection systems. They are the low twist RTN mode and the high twist RSTN mode. We show that they are actually related to the MTN mode, the TNECB mode, the SCTN mode and the HFE mode.

/pdf/new-optimized-reflective-lcd-modes-for-direct-view-and-gsgf893db0.pdf

New Optimized Reflective LCD Modes for Direct-View and Projection Displays

The optical sub-systems for reflective mode silicon based CMOS-LCD projection display are discussed in this paper. Various methods to improve the optical efficiency of the projection system are proposed. First, new optical modes for the reflective light valve are discussed. The emphasis is on improving the reflectance. Second, a new high throughput projection system employing a 2-step process is proposed. It employs a conventional LCLV projection system capable of very high luminous output. FInally, the color separation and recombination schemes for a full color projector are discussed. A new trichroic prism assembly design is described which has the advantages of low s and p polarization splitting in the reflectance spectrum. Hence it can be used for both color separation and recombination. Thus a compact optical system for reflective projectors is possible with good light efficiency.

/pdf/improved-projection-optics-for-reflective-silicon-cmos-light-2jg7p31q14.pdf

Improved projection optics for reflective silicon CMOS light valves

A chromatic parameter space (CPS) representation is proposed to represent the operation of LCDs. Both chrominance and luminance are visualized in the CPS diagrams. All the usual display modes, both transmissive and reflective, such as TN, ECB, OMI, STN, and SBE are shown clearly on the diagrams. Two designs with the help of CPS are proposed and demonstrated: multicolor STN and a novel fully-compensated reflective STN with high brightness and almost no chromatic dispersion. Introduction Optical modeling is very important in designing and optimizing liquid crystal displays (LCDs) . In previous work , we proposed a new systematic technique called parameter space (PS) representation of all nematic LCDs. This PS approach is very helpful in understanding the physical operation of various LCD modes and their relationships. With the help of the PS, we also analyzed the various different reflective LCD designs and developed several new reflective LCD operating modes . However, in our previous work, the PS is calculated only for a single wavelength, normally 550nm. Thus it does not show the appearance of the LCD under white light illumination. Even though the monochromatic PS can provide an idea of the chromatic dispersion behavior of the various LCD modes, it is still desirable to devise a scheme where the chromaticity of the display can be shown more clearly. It is particularly so for LCDs with considerable chromatic dispersion, such as STN displays. In this paper, a chromatic parameter space (CPS) representation is proposed and demonstrated. Both chrominance and luminance are visualized in the same diagram with the help of color representation. The real appearance of the LCDs in the static state (voltage-off or nonselect state) can be shown in the CPS diagram, both in terms of brightness and color. Using this new CPS, we analyzed the chromatic dispersion of various display modes, both transmissive and reflective. Furthermore, in this paper, we shall show two examples of the application of this CPS in designing new LCDs with good performance: (1) Multicolor STN (2) Fullycompensated reflective STN with high brightness and almost no chromatic dispersion. It is interesting to note that in the first case, we make use of chromatic dispersion to achieve multicolor display. In the second case, we do our best to eliminate chromatic dispersion. These two cases provide a good demonstration of how CPS can be used for LCD design and novel device development. Chromatic parameter space The reflectance or transmittance of an LCD is determined by four variables: input polarizer angle α, output polarizer angle γ , twist angle φ , and retardation value d∆n. Any pair of these variables can be used to generate a contour map which is called the PS diagram. The calculation assumes a fixed wavelength λ. The idea of the CPS is to repeat the PS calculation for all λ in the visual range ( 380nm ~ 780nm), and obtain the luminance and chrominance of the output assuming a standard white light input source. In this paper, CIE D65 is used as the incident light. From the output spectrum, we can obtain the CIE 1931 XYZ values. The XYZ color coordinate is transformed to the standard color space: sRGB, which is proposed by Hewlett-Packard and Microsoft . The sRGB tristimulus values can be computed using the following relationship:

/pdf/chromatic-parameter-space-representation-of-lcd-operating-4k9cefvovr.pdf

Chromatic parameter space representation of LCD operating modes

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