Due to the high risk of COVID-19 transmission, many sport events, including organised cycling competitions, have been cancelled. Nevertheless, staying active is important for individual well-being ...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1850186

The show must go on - virtualisation of sport events during the COVID-19 pandemic

Virtual Reality (VR) users often need to work with other users, who observe them outside of VR using an external display. Communication between them is difficult; the VR user cannot see the external user's gestures, and the external user cannot see VR scene elements outside of the VR user's view. We carried out formative interviews with experts to understand these asymmetrical interactions and identify their goals and challenges. From this, we identify high-level system design goals to facilitate asymmetrical interactions and a corresponding space of implementation approaches based on the level of programmatic access to a VR application. We present TransceiVR, a system that utilizes VR platform APIs to enable asymmetric communication interfaces for third-party applications without requiring source code access. TransceiVR allows external users to explore the VR scene spatially or temporally, to annotate elements in the VR scene at correct depths, and to discuss via a shared static virtual display. An initial co-located user evaluation with 10 pairs shows that our system makes asymmetric collaborations in VR more effective and successful in terms of task time, error rate, and task load index. An informal evaluation with a remote expert gives additional insight on utility of features for real world tasks.

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3379337.3415827

TransceiVR: Bridging Asymmetrical Communication Between VR Users and External Collaborators

Head-Mounted Virtual reality (VR) systems provide full-immersive experiences to users and completely isolate them from the outside world, placing them in unsafe situations. Existing research proposed different alert-based solutions to address this. Our work builds on these studies on notification systems for VR environments from a different perspective. We focus on: (i) exploring alert systems to notify VR users about non-immersed bystanders' in socially related, non-critical interaction contexts; (ii) understanding how best to provide awareness of non-immersed bystanders while maintaining presence and immersion within the Virtual Environment(VE). To this end, we developed single and combined alert cues - leveraging proxemics, perception channels, and push/pull approaches and evaluated those via two user studies. Our findings indicate a strong preference towards maintaining immersion and combining audio and visual cues, push and pull notification techniques that evolve dynamically based on proximity.

/pdf/promoting-reality-awareness-in-virtual-reality-through-3u20xncx29.pdf

Promoting Reality Awareness in Virtual Reality through Proxemics

We present a model of a reality aware VR headset, a VR headset capable of identifying, interpreting and responding to elements of a user's reality. We report on an evaluation of 2 prototypes which investigated potential behaviours such a headset might have. Our first prototype compared 4 notifications to automatically notify a VR user to a bystander's presence. We compared notifying with and without information about the bystander's position. Our results highlight a subset of VR users who when notified of copresence without position were made uncomfortable. Our second prototype investigated how dynamic audio adjustment could react to audio events in the user's surroundings. We compared on-board headset audio and headphones with a dynamic audio version of each which decreased the application volume to direct attention to an audio source and increased application volume to block out an audio source. Our results found positive results when decreasing application volume but increasing volume to block out a nearby audio source was ineffective.

Reality aware VR headsets

Virtual Reality (VR) allows for infinitely large environments. However, the physical traversable space is always limited by real-world boundaries. This discrepancy between physical and virtual dimensions renders traditional locomotion methods used in real world unfeasible. To alleviate these limitations, research proposed various artificial locomotion concepts such as teleportation, treadmills, and redirected walking. However, these concepts occupy the user's hands, require complex hardware or large physical spaces. In this paper, we contribute nine VR locomotion concepts for foot-based locomotion, relying on the 3D position of the user's feet and the pressure applied to the sole as input modalities. We evaluate our concepts and compare them to state-of-the-art point & teleport technique in a controlled experiment with 20 participants. The results confirm the viability of our approaches for foot-based and engaging locomotion. Further, based on the findings, we contribute a wireless hardware prototype implementation.

Podoportation: Foot-Based Locomotion in Virtual Reality

With the proliferation of room-scale Virtual Reality (VR), more and more users install a VR system in their homes. When users are in VR, they are usually completely immersed in their application. However, sometimes passersby invade these tracking spaces and walk up to users that are currently immersed in VR to try and interact with them. As this either scares the user in VR or breaks the user's immersion, research has yet to find a way to seamlessly represent physical passersby in virtual worlds. In this paper, we propose and evaluate three different ways to represent physical passersby in a Virtual Environment using Augmented Virtuality. The representations encompass showing a Pointcloud, showing a 3D-Model, and showing an Image Overlay of the passerby. Our results show that while an Image Overlay and a 3D-Model are the fastest representations to spot passersby, the 3D-Model and the Pointcloud representations were the most accurate.

You Invaded my Tracking Space! Using Augmented Virtuality for Spotting Passersby in Room-Scale Virtual Reality

Strategically augmented street lamps can become the key enabling technology in smart cities.

Street lamps as a platform

Locomotion in Virtual Reality (VR) is an important topic as there is a mismatch between the size of a Virtual Environment and the physically available tracking space. Although many locomotion techniques have been proposed, research on VR locomotion has not concluded yet. In this demonstration, we contribute to the area of VR locomotion by introducing VRChairRacer. VRChairRacer presents a novel mapping the velocity of a racing cart on the backrest of an office chair. Further, it maps a users' rotation onto the steering of a virtual racing cart. VRChairRacer demonstrates this locomotion technique to the community through an immersive multiplayer racing demo.

VRChairRacer: Using an Office Chair Backrest as a Locomotion Technique for VR Racing Games

Human body postures are an important input modality for motion guidance and other application domains in HCI, e.g. games, character animations, and interaction with public displays. However, for training and guidance of body postures prior research had to define their own whole body gesture sets. Hence, the interaction designs and evaluation results are difficult to compare, due to a lack of a standardized posture set. In this work, we contribute APS (APS Posture Set), a novel posture set including 40 body postures. It is based on prior research, sports, and body language. For each identified posture, we collected 3D posture data using a Microsoft Kinect. We make the skeleton data, 3D mesh objects and SMPL data available for future research. Taken together, APS can be used to facilitate design of interfaces that use body gestures and as a reference set for future user studies and system evaluations.

APS: a 3D human body posture set as a baseline for posture guidance

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