ResIPy, an intuitive open source software for complex geoelectrical inversion/modeling

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) for soil strengthening: A comprehensive review

Broadband spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements were conducted at a former hydrogenation plant in Zeitz (NE Germany) to investigate the potential of SIP imaging to delineate areas with different BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) concentrations. Conductivity images reveal a poor correlation with the distribution of contaminants; whereas phase images exhibit two main anomalies: low phase shift values (<5 mrad) for locations with high BTEX concentrations, including the occurrence of free-phase product (BTEX concentrations >1.7 g/l), and higher phase values for lower BTEX concentrations. Moreover, the spectral response of the areas with high BTEX concentration and free-phase products reveals a flattened spectrum in the low frequencies (<40 Hz), while areas with lower BTEX concentrations exhibit a response characterized by a frequency peak. The SIP response was modelled using a Debye decomposition to compute images of the median relaxation-time. Consistent with laboratory studies, we observed an increase in the relaxation-time associated with an increase in BTEX concentrations. Measurements were also collected in the time domain (TDIP), revealing imaging results consistent with those obtained for frequency domain (SIP) measurements. Results presented here demonstrate the potential of the SIP imaging method to discriminate source and plume of dissolved contaminants at BTEX contaminated sites.

Delineation of subsurface hydrocarbon contamination at a former hydrogenation plant using spectral induced polarization imaging

Biological induced calcite precipitation is a potential method being investigated for improved soil stabilization. In terms of the associated urea hydrolysis concept, three main strategies ...

Engineering Properties of Biocementation Coarse- and Fine-Grained Sand Catalyzed By Bacterial Cells and Bacterial Enzyme

Efficiency of microbially-induced calcite precipitation in natural clays for ground improvement

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is an alternative to existing soil stabilization techniques for construction and erosion. As with any biologically induced process in soils or aquifers, it is important to track changes in the microbial communities that occur as a result of the treatment. Our research assessed how native microbial communities developed in response to injections of reactants (dilute molasses as a carbon source; urea as a source of nitrogen and alkalinity) that promoted MICP in a shallow aquifer. Microbial community composition (16S rRNA gene) and ureolytic potential (ureC gene copy numbers) were also measured in groundwater and artificial sediment. Aquifer geochemistry showed evidence of sulfate reduction, nitrification, denitrification, ureolysis, and iron reduction during the treatment. The observed changes in geochemistry corresponded to microbial community succession in the groundwater and this matched parallel geophysical and mineralogical evidence of calcite precipitation in the aquifer. We detected an increase in the number of ureC genes in the microbial communities at the end of the injection period, suggesting an increase in the abundance of microbes possessing this gene as needed to hydrolyze urea and stimulate MICP. We identify geochemical and biological markers that highlight the microbial community response that can be used along with geophysical and geotechnical evidence to assess progress of MICP.

/pdf/microbial-and-geochemical-dynamics-of-an-aquifer-stimulated-16llo0qzoy.pdf

Microbial and Geochemical Dynamics of an Aquifer Stimulated for Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP)

Biological soil crusts, or “biocrusts”, are biogeochemical hotspots that can significantly influence ecosystem processes in arid environments. Although they can cover large areas, particularly in managed sites with frequent anthropogenic disturbance, their importance in mesic environments is not well understood. As in arid regions, biocrusts in mesic environments can significantly influence nutrient cycling, soil stabilization, and water balance; however, their persistence may differ. We call for interdisciplinary physical, biological, microbiological, chemical, and applied soil science research with a special focus on biocrusts of managed soils from mesic environments, to better understand their impact on overall ecosystem health and resilience, particularly with regard to climate change. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jpln.202200252

Biocrusts: Overlooked hotspots of managed soils in mesic environments

Dissolution and Recrystallization of Iron Oxide during MICP

Microbiome convergence and deterministic community assembly along successional biocrust gradients on potash salt heaps.

Microbial Community Structure of an Alluvial Aquifer Treated to Encourage Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation

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