1. About These Statistics…e70

2. Cardiovascular Diseases…e72

3. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Angina Pectoris…e89

4. Stroke…e99

5. High Blood Pressure…e111

6. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects…e116

7. Heart Failure…e119

8. Other Cardiovascular Diseases…e122 

9. Risk Factor: Smoking/Tobacco Use…e128

10. Risk Factor: High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids…e132

11. Risk Factor: Physical Inactivity…e136

12. Risk Factor: Overweight and Obesity…e139

13. Risk Factor: Diabetes Mellitus…e143

14. End-Stage Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease…e149

15. Metabolic Syndrome…e151

16. Nutrition…e153

17. Quality of Care…e155

18. Medical Procedures…e159

19. Economic Cost of Cardiovascular Diseases…e162

20. At-a-Glance Summary Tables…e164 

21. Glossary and Abbreviation Guide…e168
    Writing Group Disclosures…e171



Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets:

http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

We thank Drs Robert Adams, Philip Gorelick, Matt Wilson, and Philip Wolf (members of the Statistics Committee or Stroke Statistics Subcommittee); Brian Eigel; Gregg Fonarow; Kathy Jenkins; Gail Pearson; and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We would like to acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.

# 1. About These Statistics {#article-title-2}

The American Heart Association (AHA) works with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS); the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); and other government agencies to derive the annual statistics in this Update. This chapter describes the most important sources and the types of data we use from them. For more details and an alphabetical list of abbreviations, see Chapter 21 of this document, the Glossary and Abbreviation Guide.

The surveys used are:

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2007 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

We thank Drs Robert Adams, Gary Friday, Philip Gorelick, and Sylvia Wasserthiel-Smoller, members of Stroke Statistics Subcommittee; Drs Joe Broderick, Brian Eigel, Kimberlee Gauveau, Jane Khoury, Jerry Potts, Jane Newburger, and Kathryn Taubert; and Sean Coady and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.



View this table:

Writing Group Disclosures 



# Summary {#article-title-2}

Each year the American Heart Association, in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media, the lay public, and many others who seek the …

/pdf/heart-disease-and-stroke-statistics-2008-update-a-report-2frtbgdeyc.pdf

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(11)60813-1.pdf

The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments

1. About These Statistics

2. Cardiovascular Diseases

3. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome and Angina Pectoris

4. Stroke and Stroke in Children

5. High Blood Pressure (and End-Stage Renal Disease)

6. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects

7. Heart Failure

8. Other Cardiovascular Diseases 

9. Risk Factors 

10. Metabolic Syndrome

11. Nutrition

12. Quality of Care

13. Medical Procedures

14. Economic Cost of Cardiovascular Diseases

15. At-a-Glance Summary Tables 

16. Glossary and Abbreviation Guide

17. Acknowledgment

18. References



Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets. URL: http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

The American Heart Association works with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), and other government agencies to derive the annual statistics in this update. This section describes the most important sources we use. For more details and an alphabetical list of abbreviations, see the Glossary and Abbreviation Guide.

All statistics are for the most recent year available. Prevalence, mortality and hospitalizations are computed for 2003 unless otherwise noted. Mortality as an underlying or contributing cause of death is for 2002. Economic cost estimates are for 2006. Due to late release of data, some disease mortality are not updated to 2003. Mortality for 2003 are underlying preliminary data, obtained from the NCHS publication National Vital Statistics Report: Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2003 (NVSR, 2005;53:15) and from unpublished tabulations furnished by Robert Anderson of NCHS. US and state death rates and prevalence rates are age-adjusted per 100 000 population (unless otherwise specified) using the 2000 …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2006 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Poverty and obesity: the role of energy density and energy costs

style at the beginning of the 21st century resembles an hour glass rather than the Federal Government’s Food Guide Pyramid. We gobble huge amounts of added fats and sugars from the top tier of the Pyramid (marked “Use sparingly”) and heaping plates of pasta and other refined grains from the bottom tier, but we are sorely lacking in the vegetables, fruits, low-fat milk products, and other nutritious foods in the middle of the Pyramid. A big jump in average calorie intake between 1985 and 2000 without a corresponding increase in the level of physical activity (calorie expenditure) is the prime factor behind America’s soaring rates of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. ERS’s loss-adjusted annual per capita food supply series (adjusted for spoilage, cooking losses, plate waste, and other food losses accumulated throughout the marketing system and the home) suggests that average daily calorie consumption in 2000 was 12 percent, or roughly 300 calories, above the 1985 level (fig. 1). Of that 300calorie increase, grains (mainly refined grains) accounted for 46 percent; added fats, 24 percent; added sugars, 23 percent; fruits and vegetables, 8 percent; and the meat

U.S. Per Capita Food Supply Trends: More Calories, Refined Carbohydrates, and Fats

F ederal dietary guidance outlined in the 2000 edition of Dietary Guidelines for Americans and depicted in the Food Guide Pyramid is intended to help consumers choose diets that improve health, reduce their risk for dietrelated chronic disease, and meet their nutritional needs (fig. 1). The Food Guide Pyramid helps consumers put the Dietary Guidelines into practice by recommending the type and quantity of foods to eat from five major food groupsgrains (bread, cereals, rice, and pasta), vegetables, fruit, dairy (milk, yogurt, and cheese), and meat (red meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts). The Pyramid also suggests that consumers use fats, oils, and sweets sparingly. The Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans limit total fat intake to no more than 30 percent of calories, saturated fat intake to less than 10 percent of calories, and dietary cholesterol to less than the Daily Value of 300 milligrams a day listed on the Nutrition Facts Label. Information about consumers' eating patterns, if different from these recommendations, helps consumers make dietary adjustments and helps policymakers and nutrition educators target educational messages effectively. For example, analyses of food supply data, adjusted for spoilage and waste, by USDA's Economic Research Service (ERS) suggest that the average American diet is heavily weighted to added fats and sugars found at the tip of the Pyramid and falls short of recommendations for fruits and dairy products. And many consumers need to change the mix of foods in the meat, vegetable, and grain groups to meet recommendations for dietary variety and selected food components, such as fiber, total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol.

Per Capita Food Supply Trends: Progress Toward Dietary Guidelines

U.S. Per Capita Food Supply Trends

Imports' share of U.S. diet rises in late 1990s.

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U.S. Per Capita Food Supply Trends: More Calories, Refined Carbohydrates, and Fats

Per Capita Food Supply Trends: Progress Toward Dietary Guidelines

U.S. Per Capita Food Supply Trends

Imports' share of U.S. diet rises in late 1990s.