Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

Environmental degradation is one of the main problems today, the consequences of this include habitat loss and fragmentation. Biological corridors are good strategies for habitat conservation because their benefit in providing connectivity between areas of interest. The aim of this study was to identify the sub-corridors for biological structural and functional connectivity in the La Union Biological Corridor, using Puma concolor as a reference species, and evaluate potential areas of connectivity loss. ArcGIS® extension, Corridor Designer Evaluation Tool was used to generate the map of suitability of this species within the La Union Corridor and evaluate possible bottlenecks of the central path. Suitability values were performed by consulting experts, Panthera foundation, and literature review, variables were evaluated for suitability: Distance to human habitation, human population density, land use and land cover, and distance to roads. Three suitable biological subcorridors were found for the species, which presented as a central connection point Monserrat Biological Reserve. Among the evaluated corridors, only one exhibited bottlenecks 51 %, introducing a threshold of < 500 m, which requires implementation of conservation measures to avoid losing connectivity. This information will serve to generate biological subcorridors, connectivity, and improve ecosystems for puma and their native prey.

/pdf/identificacion-de-subcorredores-biologicos-en-el-corredor-la-3v358npxpe.pdf

Identificación de subcorredores biológicos en el Corredor La Unión, Honduras

La comunidad de Gualchan en los ultimos anos ha evidenciado la problematica ambiental generada por factores antropicos, los ecosistemas y la vida natural de muchas de las especies animales que requieren de su habitat para desarrollarse se han ido deteriorando generando de esta manera la migracion y extincion de especies en particular de las aves, la investigacion se sustenta en un trabajo de campo de caracter descriptivo en donde se parte de cuatro fases 1. Estudio de una linea base para conocer el estado actual de la cobertura vegetal del area de estudio como tambien para determinar la calidad de suelo 2. Diagnosticar la situacion actual de la avifauna y categorias de conservacion 3. Determinar las caracteristicas de abundancia y riqueza de la avifauna y 4. Generar estrategias demanejo sostenible para las aves y conservacion de habitat. Luego de haber aplicado metodologias aplicadas a nivel de campo como inventarios de aves terrestres., estudios estadisticos, se encontro que el area de estudio presenta una cantidad importante de aves de 177 especies ubicadas en la categoria de conservacion en preocupacion menor (LC), estas especies fueron registradas en cuatro senderos claramente definidos en los alrededores de la Comunidad de Gualchan, ademas presenta una riqueza y abundancia de especies importantes dentro de su ecosistema. Con base a este diagnostico y analisis sobre la problematica ambiental y especificamente el recurso aves, el siguiente estudio propone estrategias de manejo sostenible para la conservacion de la avifauna y preservacion de habitat importantes para las aves.

/pdf/aviturismo-alternativa-de-conservacion-de-la-avifauna-de-la-35o23dpm0t.pdf

Aviturismo, alternativa de conservación de la avifauna de la comunidad Gualchán, provincia del Carchi

The study object is to identify biological corridors as recovery time strategy in highly fragmented landscapes through tools of Geographic Information Systems, taking as a case study of microcuenca La Bolsa, Marinilla Town. GIS tools such as V- Late, allowed assessing landscape structure through statistical analysis of forest fragments of local biodiversity importance, that from a cost raster that allowed the tracing of the biological corridor using Cost weight, shortest path and a buffer width of 100 meters as optimal for the use of certain animal species such as small and medium-sized mammals and birds. This allowed us to propose the biological corridor that will allow functional linkage of strategic ecosystems of the watershed and the recovery time, preservation and protection of biodiversity in the area. Importantly, the use of birds as indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem disruption with which you intend to measure susceptibility to fragmentation, risk status due to loss of habitat and migratory frugivorous species which are sensitive to these changes and allow monitoring by evaluating the success of the biological corridor, because although the present study took a hypothetical data, the use of these indicators are intended to establish the need to identify key species of flora and fauna that allow for monitoring and verifying the success or otherwise of posed recovery strategy.

Corredores biológicos una estrategia de recuperación en paisajes altamente fragmentados estudio de caso Microcuenca La Bolsa, municipio de Marinilla

El objeto del presente trabajo es la identificacion de corredores biologicos como estrategia de recuperacion en paisajes altamente fragmentados, a traves de herramientas de Sistemas de Informacion Geografica, SIG, tomando como estudio de caso la microcuenca La Bolsa del municipio de Marinilla. Las herramientas de SIG como V- Late permitieron la evaluacion de la estructura del paisaje mediante el analisis estadistico de los fragmentos boscosos de importancia para la biodiversidad local, a partir de un raster de costo que permitio el trazado del corredor biologico utilizando Cost weight, shortest path y un buffer de 100 mts como ancho optimo para el uso de algunas especies animales como pequenos y medianos mamiferos y aves. Lo anterior permitio proponer el corredor biologico que permitira la conexion funcional de los ecosistemas estrategicos de la microcuenca y la vez la recuperacion, conservacion y proteccion de la biodiversidad presente en la zona. Es importante resaltar la utilizacion de las aves como indicadoras de la biodiversidad y perturbacion de los ecosistemas. Con ellas, se propone medir la susceptibilidad a la fragmentacion, el estado de riesgo por perdida de habitat con algunas especies frugivoras o migratorias que son sensibles a estas alteraciones y que permiten, mediante monitoreo, evaluar el exito del corredor biologico, pues aunque el presente trabajo tomo datos hipoteticos, la utilizacion de estos indicadores pretende establecer que es necesario identificar especies claves tanto de flora como de fauna que permitan realizar seguimiento y verificar el exito o no de la estrategia de recuperacion planteada.

/pdf/corredores-biologicos-una-estrategia-de-recuperacion-en-jdhungpfur.pdf

Corredores biológicos una estrategia de recuperación en paisajes altamente fragmentados

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Corredores biológicos una estrategia de recuperación en paisajes altamente fragmentados estudio de caso Microcuenca La Bolsa, municipio de Marinilla

Corredores biológicos una estrategia de recuperación en paisajes altamente fragmentados