Abstract Background In Korean cattle, after foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) vaccination, anovulation increases, acute immune response is stimulated. Objective Here, we aimed to improve the fertility rate by ovulation delay caused by the foot‐and‐mouth disease vaccine. Methods 160 cows (control, FMD, FMD+Gn250 and FMD+Gn500 groups, with 40 cows each) were used. We analysed the ovulation delay, ovulation rate, conception rate and acute‐phase immune responses. Results In the group vaccinated only with FMD, the average follicle size was maintained at 12 mm and ovulation was delayed. The ovulation rate of the FMD+Gn500 group (500 μg gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) injections 3 days after the FMD vaccination) was the highest at 81.8%. The ovulation rate of the FMD+Gn250 group (250 μg GnRH injections 3 days after FMD vaccination) was 54.5%, and that of the control group (not FMD vaccinated) was 53.3%. The conception rate was 52.5% (19/40) in the control group, 37.5% (15/40) in the FMD+Gn250 group, and 67.5% (27/40) in the FMD+Gn500 group. Analysis of acute‐phase immune response revealed that the plasma contents of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A increased up to 7 days after vaccination against FMD in all the experimental groups, except the control group. Conclusions We concluded that ovulation delay can be employed to improve conception rate after FMD vaccination through a modified ovulation synchronisation method with GnRH.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/vms3.1074

Effect of oestrus synchronisation through ovulation delay by vaccination against foot‐and‐mouth disease in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows

Higher estrus associated temperatures (HEAT) are a hallmark feature in sexually active females. The overarching aim of this study was to characterize the variability, magnitude, and persistence of HEAT in heifers and suckled beef cows as well as identify associated factors when occurring during thermoneutral conditions at the onset of the spring breeding season. In both heifers and cows, estrus was induced using a seven-day controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-PGF2α protocol. Vaginal temperature after prostaglandin F2α administration was recorded every 5 min using a Thermochron iButton affixed to a blank CIDR (containing no progesterone). Estrus was defined as when a heifer first stood to be mounted or when a cow had an Estrotect patch score of 3 or 4. Level of HEAT varied among individual animals. When comparing common HEAT variables using a mixed model with date nested within year, maximum HEAT (39.9 ± 0.1 C and 40.0 ± 0.1°C) and duration (15.5 ± 0.8 and 15.4 ± 0.7) were similar in heifers and cows, respectively. However, the magnitude and persistence of HEAT differed. Total area under the HEAT curve was 117.1 ± 13.5 and 158.7 ± 12.3 for heifers vs cows, respectively (P = 0.0571). Further, 42.9% of heifers and 49% of cows had maximum HEAT ≥ 40°C which persisted up to 6.5 and 10 h, respectively. When ambient conditions were predominantly thermoneutral, temperature humidity index had minimal impact on HEAT (mixed model, repeated measures over time). Towards identifying associated factors with different aspects of HEAT using best fit hierarchical linear regression models, baseline vaginal temperature and baseline duration were the most highly associated independent variables. Follicle size, estradiol and progesterone levels, and other available animal related variables (e.g., age, weight, hair coat score) explained only a small amount of variation in HEAT. In summary, level of HEAT varies in estrus females even under thermoneutral conditions. Because HEAT can persist for an extended time, direct effects on fertility important components are unavoidable. Whether HEAT is a good or bad component of the periovulatory microenvironment is the basis of ongoing and future studies.

Magnitude and persistence of higher estrus associated temperatures in beef heifers and suckled cows.

Estrus Detection in Cattle

Changes in ruminoreticular temperature and body activity in pregnant Hanwoo cows (Bos taurus coreanae) after lumpy skin disease vaccination

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square. 

Changes in Ruminoreticular Temperature and Body Activity After Akabane Vaccination in Pregnant Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae)

/pdf/increased-accuracy-of-estrus-prediction-using-3ofjpmhx.pdf

Increased accuracy of estrus prediction using ruminoreticular
 biocapsule sensors in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows

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Increased accuracy of estrus prediction using ruminoreticular biocapsule sensors in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows

Effect of oestrus synchronisation through ovulation delay by vaccination against foot‐and‐mouth disease in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows

Liquid metal-based stretchable bioelectronic fiber for electrical stimulation and drug delivery in minimally invasive cardiac therapy