Soft tissue fillers for adipose tissue regeneration: From hydrogel development toward clinical applications

Comparison of readily available scaffolds for adipose tissue engineering using adipose-derived stem cells

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/app.48515

Polymeric injectable fillers for cosmetology: Current status, future trends, and regulatory perspectives

Biomaterial is defined as a substance other than a drug, which is developed as a whole or part of a complex system, that interacts with the living organisms, and functions for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes They are widely used in clinics and surgery applications to repair the damaged tissue Orthopedics diseases, cardiovascular diseases, general and reconstructive surgery procedures dominate the category of disciplines in medicine, where biomaterials are occasionally used Besides, biomaterials have been widely used in dental procedures, ocular diseases, urological diseases, and wound healing therapies The term biocompatibility, which defines the ability of a material to perform its function in a specific application with an acceptable host response, has been the cornerstone of investigations in biomaterial researches It refers to the interaction between biomaterials and living systems, related with an acceptable harm to the organism In other words, biocompatibility reflects a set of characteristics to use a material safely in a living organism Briefly, there are three major biological responses that need to be considered for biocompatibility assessment of a biomaterial including inflammation, wound healing, and immunological reactions and/or immunity Biocompatibility assessment involves various methods including complex in vitro and in vivo experiments, standardized by various organizations such as American Society for Testing and Materials, the British Standards Institute, the International Standards Institute, and the Food and Drug Agency

Clinical and surgical aspects of medical materials’ biocompatibility

Objectives To evaluate the in vitro effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) on adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) in order to consider the possibility of their combined used in the treatment of knee arthrosis. Material and methods The ASC cells were grown both in the presence and absence of AH, and several studies were carried out: proliferation (WST8) and cell viability studies (Alamar Blue and Trypan Blue), possible chondrogenic differentiation (collagen type 2 expression) by RT-PCR, AH receptor expression (CD44) by flow cytometry and RT-QPCR, and expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors (IL-6, TGFs, IL-10) by RT-QPCR. Results The number of ASC significantly increased after 7 days with HA (158±39%, p Conclusions Hyaluronic acid favours ASC proliferation without causing cellular toxicity, and inducing an anti-inflammatory profile in these cells. Hyaluronic acid appears to be a suitable vehicle for the intra-articular administration of mesenchymal stem cells.

Hyaluronic acid effect on adipose-derived stem cells: biological in vitro evaluation

Soft tissue reconstruction is a challenge in plastic surgery, when replacing lost materials and correcting contour defects. Many permanent and temporary fillers have been used to restore the volume of these lesions, but often with poor results and even complications. Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) and adipose tissue engineering have been suggested as valuable alternatives. In order to inject these cultured cells, it was essential to find a suitable vehicle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Cytocare(®), an injectable medical device, composed of hyaluronic acid plus amino acids, vitamins and mineral salts. First, ASC viability and bioavailability in the 3 different available Cytocare(®) formulations using the MTT test were assessed; then an animal experiment, testing the tolerance after intradermal injections of both Cytocare(®) alone and with ASCs was carried out. Our in vitro results demonstrate a high biocompatibility of Cytocare(®) resulting in a better viability of ASCs when cultured in Cytocare(®) compared to culture medium (p < 0.05, Mann and Whitney). Cytocare(®) also permits their bioavailability and proliferation, making it a potential transfer vehicle that can retain the cells before their integration around the recipient site. Finally, our animal experiment shows that the ASC + Cytocare(®) combination is well tolerated. In conclusion, Cytocare(®) can be used as a biocompatible scaffold for cultured ASCs in therapeutic treatments, ensuring ASC bioavailability, as well as evidence of excellent tolerance in nude mice.

https://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(15)00357-5/pdf

In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, bioavailability and tolerance of an injectable vehicle for adipose-derived stem/stromal cells for plastic surgery indications

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In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, bioavailability and tolerance of an injectable vehicle for adipose-derived stem/stromal cells for plastic surgery indications