The global energy market is still monopolized to a great extent by the production, trade and consumption of oil and gas. The EU is no exception to this rule with a high import ratio of both oil and gas. Unreliable oil producers, geopolitical instability in many oil-rich countries, economic and resource nationalism—which are a threat to sustainable development—transportation-related hazards, and the high volatility of international oil prices are constraining importers to face significant risks.

Practical Applications of Decentralized Energy in the EU

For many blind users, updated software versions or revised websites, apps, and operating systems can create a situation where an interface that may have been accessible is no longer accessible, more difficult to use, or confusing. Websites, apps, and cloud-based software are modified on a frequent basis, and many organizations do not have a formal process in place to ensure that those changes comply with accessibility requirements. A web-based survey was conducted to collect feedback from users who are blind to learn more about the impact that website, software, and mobile app updates can have on accessibility and use. The results of the survey illustrate the negative impact that inaccessible updates and revisions can have on users with disabilities.

Exploring the Impact of Inaccessible Redesign and Updates

All too often, technology developers do not consider access by persons with disabilities in designing their products. As a result, persons with visible disabilities are rarely seen in executive positions, as professionals and teachers, thus heightening their invisibility and thereby increasing the likelihood that accessibility will continue to be overlooked as new technology develops. This vicious cycle, unless interrupted, will result in increasing exclusion of persons with disabilities from all aspects of life in which digital technology plays a role—social media, education, employment, consumer products, and even emergency information. Furthering a counter-narrative of disability as one human characteristic among many, none of which is deterministic and all of which come into play in any one person’s life, is consonant with the idea of equal opportunity and equal participation. Advancing that narrative requires creating policies and procedures in our institutions that reduce exclusion, create a market for technology that is intentionally accessible, and will thereby enhance the participation and visibility of persons with disabilities. This visibility will engender a new cycle in which greater participation spurs greater accessibility. This chapter explores the cultural sources of exclusion of persons with disabilities and suggests how organizational policies and creating a market demand can change the cultural perception of disability and thereby help make digital accessibility the norm. The chapter closes by discussing three potential areas of concern in the future—educational technology, mobile computing, and cloud computing.

Chapter 11 – Culture change

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Chapter 11 – Culture change