A power generating system is described which operates at high pressure and utilizes a working fluid consisting of a mixture of compressed non-flammable air components, fuel combustion products and steam. The working fluid exiting the power generating system is substantially free of NOx and CO. Working fluid is provided at constant pressure and temperature. Combustion air is supplied by one or more stages of compression. Fuel is injected at pressure as needed. Substantially all of the oxygen in the compressed air is consumed when the fuel is burned. Inert liquid is injected at high pressure to produce an inert mass of high specific heat diluent vapor for use for internal cooling of the combustion chamber. The use of non-flammable liquid injection inhibits the formation of pollutants, increases the efficiency and available horsepower from the system, and reduces specific fuel consumption. Control systems allow the independent control of the quantity, temperature and pressure of the air, fuel and non-flammable liquid introduced in the combustion chamber allowing control of the maximum temperature and average temperature within the combustion chamber as well as the temperature of the exhaust from the combustion chamber. Substantially all of the temperature control of the system is provided by the latent heat of vaporization of the inert liquid, which is preferably water, the latent heat of vaporization counteracting the heat generated by combustion of the fuel. If the injected water contains inorganic or organic contaminants, they are collected as a molten or solid residue or, if flammable, ignited by the flame.

High efficiency low pollution hybrid brayton cycle combustor

A power generation system is disclosed. In one embodiment, the power generation system includes a fuel source, a turbogenerator coupled to the fuel source, and a power controller coupled to the turbogenerator. The power controller includes an AC/DC power converter that converts AC power generated by the turbogenerator to DC power on output lines for supplying a DC load. The power controller regulates the fuel to the turbogenerator, independent of a DC voltage on the output lines. A capacitor such as an electrochemical capacitor or a hybrid capacitor, coupled across the output lines, sources power to and/or sinks power from the output lines due to load changes by the DC load. In a further embodiment, the power controller includes an additional DC/DC power converter. In yet a further embodiment, the power controller includes a second additional DC/DC power converter to controllably couple the capacitor to a DC bus.

Distributed power system

Combustion turbine power plants and methods of operating the same are provided in which air is cooled using solar energy and supplied to an air inlet of the power plant to support combustion. Also, combustion turbine power plants and methods of operating the same are provided in which steam is produced using solar energy and injected into a turbine of the power plant.

Solar power enhanced combustion turbine power plants and methods

A control system (48) for a cogeneration plant (10) measures the flow of steam (54) exceeding the requirements of the steam-using process (36). Water (46) is injected into the combustion zone (18) of a combustor of the gas turbine (11) portion of the cogeneration system to provide a predetermined reduction in NOx products. The excess steam (40) is added to the output of the compressor (12) portion of the gas turbine to augment the gas turbine power output due to the augmented mass flow. The control system (40) reduces the water injection (46) in proportion to the steam flow to maintain the total water flow to the combustion zone at a level which maintains the preferred level of NOx reduction. In a second embodiment (Figure 5), the excess steam is first injected (86) into the combustion zone (18) with a one-for-one equivalent reduction in water injection. When the excess steam exceeds the amount required for NOx reduction, the excess is added (40) to the output of the air compressor (12) for power augmentation. As the power augmentation steam is added a proportionate reduction is made in the NOx reduction steam to account for the fact that a fraction of the output of the air compressor passes through the combustion zone.

Water and steam injection in cogeneration system

The invention relates in general to methods of controlled mixing one fluid with another. In particular it relates to a distributed direct fluid contactor including arrays of streamlined perforated tubes distributed across a flow to efficiently contact and mix one or more fluids flowing through one or more tubes with a second fluid flowing across those tubes. These distributed contactors thereby mix the fluids in a fairly uniform fashion causing a prescribed uniformity or variation in the ratio of the first to second fluid across the space. This thereby to generally creates and controls the physical and/or chemical changes in those fluids, including evaporation, condensation, forming powders and conducting chemical reactions including combustion.

Method and apparatus for mixing fluids

A control system for the injection of water or steam into the combustion chambers of a combustion turbine for reducing the emission of oxides of nitrogen in the exhaust gas of a combustion turbine is described. The control system includes a water control valve having a linear flow versus stroke characteristic which is controlled by an error signal representing the difference between a predetermined water-to-fuel schedule and the actual water-to-fuel schedule. Instruments for monitoring and recording water and fuel flow are also described.

Water and steam injection system for emission control of gas turbines

A control system including a controller for reading temperature values from sensors in a gas turbine, determining the reliability of the sensors, and issuing a fuel control signal for use in controlling the turbine is disclosed. The fuel control signal has a calculated value which is a function of the turbine operating temperature derived from the values of temperature signals generated by the sensors.

Control system and method for controlling a gas turbine in accordance with the temperature conditions thereof

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Water and steam injection system for emission control of gas turbines

Control system and method for controlling a gas turbine in accordance with the temperature conditions thereof