The invention provides a variety of surgical instruments for forming a liquid jet, which are useful for performing a wide variety of surgical procedures. In some embodiments, the invention provides surgical liquid jet instruments having a pressure lumen and an evacuation lumen, where the pressure lumen includes at least one nozzle for forming a liquid jet and where the evacuation lumen includes a jet-receiving opening for receiving the liquid jet when the instrument is in operation. In some embodiments, the pressure lumen and the evacuation lumen of the surgical liquid jet instruments are constructed and positionable relative to each other so that the liquid comprising the liquid jet, and any tissue or material entrained by the liquid jet can be evacuated through the evacuation lumen without the need for an external source of suction. The invention also provides a variety of surgical liquid jet instruments that are constructed and configured specifically for use in a surrounding liquid environment or a surrounding gaseous environment. The invention also provides a variety of surgical liquid jet instruments that are rotatably deployable from an undeployed position, for insertion into the body of a patient, to a deployed position, in which there is a separation distance between the liquid jet nozzle and the jet-receiving opening that defines a liquid jet path length. The invention also provides surgical methods utilizing the inventive surgical liquid jet instruments, and methods for forming components of the surgical liquid jet instruments.

Fluid jet surgical instruments

The present invention provides a series of devices for surgical procedures utilizing rotatable components for grinding, cutting, ablating, polishing, drilling, screwing, etc., tissues of the body of a patient. The invention includes, a series of surgical instruments (100) including rotatable shafts (124), and surgical components (122) drivable by the shafts (124) that can be utilized for contact with tissue in a surgical operating field. Some preferred surgical instruments provided by the invention utilize a liquid jet-driven rotor mechanism (454) for driving rotation of the rotatable shaft (124). Some preferred instruments provided by the invention include both a liquid jet-driven rotor mechanism (454) and a nozzle (192) at the distal end of the instrument for forming a liquid cutting jet for cutting or ablating tissue of a patient. Such instruments can include a liquid flow directing valve (180) therein that includes a pressure-tight sealing component (556) comprising a sealing element that is slidably moveable within a cylinder (552) of the valve (180). The invention provides methods for utilizing the surgical instruments in surgical procedures involving both cutting or ablating tissue of a patient with a liquid cutting jet and grinding, cutting, or ablating tissue with a rotating surface of a surgical instrument.

Liquid jet-powered surgical instruments

Surgical instruments are disclosed that utilize high-pressure liquid jets to perform a variety of useful functions. In certain embodiments, surgical instruments are described incorporating one or more liquid jets utilized to contact tissue excised by a non-liquid jet tissue-cutting component of the surgical instrument for the purpose of further cutting the excised tissue and/or fragmenting and/or disaggregating at least a portion of the excised tissue into a plurality of small particles and/or facilitating or assisting removal of excised tissue from a surgical site without the need to remove the instrument from the surgical site. In certain embodiments, a liquid jet of a surgical instrument can be utilized for the purpose of excising tissue of a patient immobilized and/or manipulated by the surgical instrument. Also described are surgical devices of the type characterized by curettes, rongeurs, bone punches, bone cutting forceps, morcellators, surgical micrograspers, with functionality and performance supplemented by the integration of a liquid jet.

Surgical devices incorporating liquid jet assisted tissue manipulation and methods for their use

The invention includes a series of surgical instruments (1000) providing at least one electrode (1002) for performing electrocautery, and provides a method for cutting and cauterizing tissue with a surgical instrument. The invention involves a method for detecting the location of a bleeding vessel in a liquid-filled, visually monitored surgical field of a patient and for electrocauterizing the vessel to stop the bleeding before visualization of the surgical field is compromised. Surgical instruments according to the invention also include operable components (118) for forming a liquid cutting jet for cutting or ablating tissue of a patient and/or for providing a rotating, tissue contacting component (122) for cutting, grinding, ablating, etc. tissue during a surgical procedure. Some surgical instruments include one or more liquid conducting lumen (118, 120) therein for transporting and/or removing a liquid from a surgical operating field, which lumen, in some cases, are selectively coated with a layer of an electrically insulating material so that certain, selected, uncoated regions of an external surface of the lumen can act as an electrocautery electrode of the instrument.

Surgical instruments with integrated electrocautery

A system for generating a high pressure fluid jet (44) includes a variable pressure pump (22) and a burst resistant delivery tube (36) which safely conducts the pressurized stream to an instrument (40). The pump may include a disposable diaphragm pump cartridge (28) which is driven by a reusable pump (26). The delivery tube may be a coiled hypo tube which enhances flexibility.

Fluid jet cutting system

A fluid jet cutter using an articulated boom support system is disclosed. The cutter utilizes a support system which allows rotational translation in all three axes. The boom system allows displacement of the cutter over a broad area. A jet catcher is attached to the cutter head to catch the cutting jet. A deadman switch arrangement prevents the operator from contacting the cutting jet. A vacuum system is linked to the catcher and a column that supports the boom to remove cutting debris and waste fluid.

Articulated boom water jet cutting apparatus

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Articulated boom water jet cutting apparatus