The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the Z0 pole. A comprehensive value estimate of the accelerator is give, together with associated uncertainties. It is shown that no significant technical issues remain to be solved. Once a site is selected and the necessary site-dependent engineering is carried out, construction can begin immediately. The TDR also gives baseline documentation for two high-performance detectors that can share the ILC luminosity by being moved into and out of the beam line in a "push-pull" configuration. These detectors, ILD and SiD, are described in detail. They form the basis for a world-class experimental programme that promises to increase significantly our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of the Universe.

/pdf/the-international-linear-collider-technical-design-report-5394941onz.pdf

The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 3.I: Accelerator \& in the Technical Design Phase

In this paper, we describe the key features of the recently completed technical design for the International Linear Collider (ILC), a 200–500 GeV linear electron–positron collider (expandable to 1 TeV) that is based on 1.3 GHz superconducting radio-frequency (SCRF) technology. The machine parameters and detector characteristics have been chosen to complement the Large Hadron Collider physics, including the discovery of the Higgs boson, and to further exploit this new particle physics energy frontier with a precision instrument. The linear collider design is the result of nearly 20 years of R&D, resulting in a mature conceptual design for the ILC project that reflects an international consensus. We summarize the physics goals and capability of the ILC, the enabling R&D and resulting accelerator design, as well as the concepts for two complementary detectors. The ILC is technically ready to be proposed and built as a next generation lepton collider, perhaps to be built in stages beginning as a Higgs factory.

/pdf/the-international-linear-collider-45ffopyr65.pdf

The International Linear Collider

Any future linear collider requires a beam stabilisation system at the interaction point to the to maintain luminosities. This thesis details the development of prototypes of three such systems based at the Accelerator Test Facility 2 (ATF2) at KEK, Japan. The upstream feedback system utilises two stripline beam position monitors (BPMs) and two stripline kickers located in the ATF2 extraction line to stabilise the position and angle of the beam; the correction is then measured downstream at the ATF2 beam waist by a cavity BPM. The feedforward system uses the two upstream stripline BPMs to measure the position of the beam and calculate a correction signal which is then implemented locally by a stripline kicker located near the beam waist; the correction is then measured at the beam waist by a cavity BPM. The IP feedback system uses the position measured at the ATF2 beam waist by a cavity BPM and implements a correction based on this position using the local stripline kicker; the correction is then measured at the beam waist by a cavity BPM. Tests of the upstream feedback system have demonstrated stabilisation of the ATF2 beam waist at approximately the 300 nm level; tests of the feedforward and IP feedback systems have demonstrated stabilisation of the ATF2 beam waist at approximately the 100 nm level. Additional work undertaken to improve the processing electronics of the stripline BPMs is detailed. The cavity BPMs and their electronics are characterised and offline analysis techniques to improve the BPM resolutions set out. Results demonstrating resolutions of approximately 350 nm for the stripline BPMs and 80 nm for the cavity BPMs are presented.

The development of intra-train beam stabilisation system prototypes for a future linear collider

We report the design, operation and performance of a high-resolution, low-latency, bunch-bybunch feedback system for nano-beam stabilisation. The system employs novel, ultra-low qualityfactor cavity beam position monitors (BPMs), a two-stage analogue signal down-mixing system, and a digital signal processing and feedback board incorporating an FPGA. The FPGA firmware allows for the real-time integration of up to fifteen samples of the BPM waveforms within a measured latency of 232 ns. We show that this real-time sample integration improves significantly the beam position resolution and, consequently, the feedback performance. The best demonstrated real-time beam position resolution was 19 nm, which, as far as we are aware, is the best real-time resolution achieved in any operating BPM system. The feedback was operated in two complementary modes to stabilise the vertical position of the ultra-small beam produced at the focal point of the ATF2 beamline at KEK. In single-BPM feedback mode, beam stabilization to 50±5 nm was demonstrated. In two-BPM feedback mode, beam stabilization to 41 ± 4 nm was achieved.

A High-Resolution, Low-Latency, Bunch-by-Bunch Feedback System for Nano-Beam Stabilization

We report the design, operation, and performance of a high-resolution, low-latency, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for nanobeam stabilization. The system employs novel, ultralow quality-factor cavity beam position monitors (BPMs), a two-stage analog signal down-mixing system, and a digital signal processing and feedback board incorporating a field-programmable gate array. The field-programmable gate array firmware allows for the real-time integration of up to fifteen samples of the BPM waveforms within a measured latency of 232 ns. We show that this real-time sample integration improves significantly the beam position resolution and, consequently, the feedback performance. The best demonstrated real-time beam position resolution was 19 nm, which, as far as we are aware, is the best real-time resolution achieved in any operating BPM system. The feedback was operated in two complementary modes to stabilize the vertical position of the ultrasmall beam produced at the focal point of the ATF2 beamline at KEK. In single-BPM feedback mode, beam stabilization to $50\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nm}$ was demonstrated. In two-BPM feedback mode, beam stabilization to $41\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nm}$ was achieved. 

High-resolution, low-latency, bunch-by-bunch feedback system for nanobeam stabilization

A prototype Interaction Point beam-based feedback system for future electron-positron colliders, such as the International Linear Collider, has been designed and tested on the extraction line of the KEK Accelerator Test Facility (ATF). The FONT5 intra-train feedback system aims to stabilise the beam orbit by correcting both the position and angle jitter in the vertical plane on bunch-to-bunch timescales, providing micron-level stability at the entrance to the ATF2 final-focus system. The system comprises three stripline beam position monitors (BPMs) and two stripline kickers, custom low-latency analogue front-end BPM processors, a custom FPGA-based digital processing board with fast ADCs, and custom kicker-drive amplifiers. An overview of the hardware, and the latest results from beam tests at ATF2, will be presented. A total system latency as low as approximately 140 ns has been demonstrated.

Latest performance results from the font5 intra-train position and angle feedback system at atf2

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Latest performance results from the font5 intra-train position and angle feedback system at atf2