With the radical changes in information production that the Internet has introduced, we stand at an important moment of transition, says Yochai Benkler in this thought-provoking book. The phenomenon he describes as social production is reshaping markets, while at the same time offering new opportunities to enhance individual freedom, cultural diversity, political discourse, and justice. But these results are by no means inevitable: a systematic campaign to protect the entrenched industrial information economy of the last century threatens the promise of today's emerging networked information environment. In this comprehensive social theory of the Internet and the networked information economy, Benkler describes how patterns of information, knowledge, and cultural production are changing--and shows that the way information and knowledge are made available can either limit or enlarge the ways people can create and express themselves. He describes the range of legal and policy choices that confront us and maintains that there is much to be gained--or lost--by the decisions we make today.

/pdf/the-wealth-of-networks-how-social-production-transforms-4mt4ax3tfp.pdf

The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom

The wealth of networks : how social production transformsmarkets and freedom

The task of this article is to analyze the political economy of Wikipedia. We discuss the specifics of Wikipedia’s mode of production. The basic principles of what we call the info-communist mode o...

Wikipedia: An Info-Communist Manifesto

Each complex network (or class of networks) presents specific topological features which characterize its connectivity and highly influence the dynamics of processes executed on the network. The analysis, discrimination, and synthesis of complex networks therefore rely on the use of measurements capable of expressing the most relevant topological features. This article presents a survey of such measurements. It includes general considerations about complex network characterization, a brief review of the principal models, and the presentation of the main existing measurements. Important related issues covered in this work comprise the representation of the evolution of complex networks in terms of trajectories in several measurement spaces, the analysis of the correlations between some of the most traditional measurements, perturbation analysis, as well as the use of multivariate statistics for feature selection and network classification. Depending on the network and the analysis task one has in mind, a s...

pdf/characterization-of-complex-networks-a-survey-of-gz1zzzudsf.pdf

Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements

This article describes an emergent logic of accumulation in the networked sphere, ‘surveillance capitalism,’ and considers its implications for ‘information civilization.’ The institutionalizing practices and operational assumptions of Google Inc. are the primary lens for this analysis as they are rendered in two recent articles authored by Google Chief Economist Hal Varian. Varian asserts four uses that follow from computer-mediated transactions: ‘data extraction and analysis,’ ‘new contractual forms due to better monitoring,’ ‘personalization and customization,’ and ‘continuous experiments.’ An examination of the nature and consequences of these uses sheds light on the implicit logic of surveillance capitalism and the global architecture of computer mediation upon which it depends. This architecture produces a distributed and largely uncontested new expression of power that I christen: ‘Big Other.’ It is constituted by unexpected and often illegible mechanisms of extraction, commodification, and control that effectively exile persons from their own behavior while producing new markets of behavioral prediction and modification. Surveillance capitalism challenges democratic norms and departs in key ways from the centuries-long evolution of market capitalism.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fjit.2015.5.pdf

Big other: surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization

https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/e3ff7cef-bcff-471e-8192-40519647331e/1/PDF (Accepted manuscript).pdf

The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom

Take your partners: Public private interplay in Australian and New Zealand plans for next generation broadband

T he growing integration of the world’s economy in general, and the increased participation of China and India in international trade in particular, raise important questions: Will competition from more than a billion Chinese and Indians reduce wages and imperil the prosperity of the West? What, if anything, is to be done? Many manufacturing companies that once flourished in the United States have succumbed to overseas competition or have relocated much of their activity abroad. Domestic employees of U.S. companies make few of the ubiquitous objects of daily life—most of the clothes and shoes that Americans wear, their furnishings, children’s toys, TV sets, phones, and computers are produced by foreign companies, typically in foreign factories. Even the ships and containers that carry these goods to the U.S. most often come out of overseas shipyards and factories. Now services appear to be reprising the journey of manufacturing. Just as the manufacturing exodus started with the low-wage, relatively unskilled work of assembling trinkets or stitching clothes, the offshoring of services started with data entry, routine software programming and testing, and phone banks that answer customers’ questions (with varying degrees of success) or make telemarketing calls. At a later stage, overseas manufacturing went high end, producing numerically controlled machine tools, robots, and high-performance automobiles. In a similar way, the offshoring of services has expanded to include what Peter Drucker called “knowledge work.” Companies such as Microsoft are offshoring software architecture, not just low-end programming. Overseas workers with advanced degrees are analyzing financial statements, testing trading strategies, designing computer chips, and reading X-rays for U.S. clients. Most significant, in the eyes of some, is the offshoring of R&D. According to a 2005 cover story in BusinessWeek, when Western companies farmed out manufacturing in the 1980s and 1990s, they promised to keep “all the important research and development” in-house. That pledge has now become “passé.” Companies such as Dell and Motorola are buying “complete designs” from Asian manufacturers. While electronics is “furthest down the road,” the “search for offshore help” is “spreading to nearly every corner of the economy” as U.S. companies find that their current R&D spending “isn’t yielding enough bang for the buck.” While outsourcing may reduce costs in the short run, BusinessWeek cautioned, Western companies could “lose their technology edge” as their Asian contractors move up the “innovation ladder.”

The venturesome economy: how innovation sustains prosperity in a more connected world

In terms of economic growth, the so-called knowledge economy is a key economic factor underpinning national and EU development. The World Bank suggests that every 10 % increase in access to broadband results in a 1.38 % rise in GDP in developing countries. The 2015 progress report on the EU Digital Agenda con rms this correlation: digitalisation accounted for 30 % of growth in GDP in the EU between 2001 and 2011.

A Digital Agenda

The text of the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA), released in early March 2004, makes more concessions than many in Australia's audiovisual and cultural industries might have hoped, but less than they feared. Its precise impact will depend on how 'new media' replaces, subsumes or supplements 'old media', and how quickly. AUSFTA institutionalises much lower aspirations about the level of Australian content in emerging media systems than Australians have come to expect in broadcast television. Some will interpret this simply as an articulation of the policy impotence which will inevitably flow from technological change. Others will recognise it as a partial, but historic, concession of Australian policy capacity and a broad acceptance of the long-standing US agenda for the information economy - long and tough protections for intellectual property rights, but increasingly liberal global markets for trading them. This article explains the provisions of AUSFTA and examines their effect on Australian audiovisual and cultural activities.

https://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/file/2fee16e7-4af4-47d3-b913-afe274d7065c/1/PDF (Accepted manuscript).pdf

'Not Unreasonably Denied': Australian Content After AUSFTA

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