News producers are increasingly experimenting with news in virtual reality and 360° video, which is often presented as the ultimate form of immersive journalism as it provides viewers with a first-...

360° Video Journalism: Experimental Study on the Effect of Immersion on News Experience and Distant Suffering

A large number of studies have demonstrated the benefits of natural environments on people's health and well-being. For people who have limited access to nature (e.g., elderly in nursing homes, hospital patients, or jail inmates), virtual representations may provide an alternative to benefit from the illusion of a natural environment. For this purpose and in most previous studies, conventional photos of nature have been used. Immersive virtual reality (VR) environments, however, can induce a higher sense of presence compared to conventional photos. Whether this higher sense of presence leads to increased positive impacts of virtual nature exposure is the main research question of this study. Therefore, we compared exposure to a forest and an urban virtual environment in terms of their respective impact on mood, stress, physiological reactions, and cognition. The environments were presented via a head-mounted display as (1) conventional photo slideshows or (2) 360[Formula: see text] videos. The results show that the forest environment had a positive effect on cognition and the urban environment disturbed mood regardless of the mode of presentation. In addition, photos of either urban or forest environment were both more effective in reducing physiological arousal compared to immersive 360[Formula: see text] videos.

/pdf/effects-of-exposure-to-immersive-videos-and-photo-slideshows-58c85iw05w.pdf

Effects of exposure to immersive videos and photo slideshows of forest and urban environments.

The Internet of Things is currently getting significant interest from the scientific community. Academia and industry are both focused on moving ahead in attempts to enhance usability, maintainability, and security through standardization and development of best practices. We focus on security because of its impact as one of the most limiting factors to wider Internet of Things adoption. Numerous research areas exist in the security domain, ranging from cryptography to network security to identity management. This paper provides a survey of existing research applicable to the Internet of Things environment at the application layer in the areas of identity management, authentication, and authorization. We survey and analyze more than 200 articles, categorize them, and present current trends in the Internet of Things security domain.

/pdf/survey-of-authentication-and-authorization-for-the-internet-4mxevmptlw.pdf

Survey of Authentication and Authorization for the Internet of Things

This study examines the current application of 360-degree VR videos in the news industry. Both the advantages and challenges of 360-degree VR videos in enhancing audience experiences and engagement are discussed. To better understand the effects of immersive technology on audience engagement, this study selects the case of The New York Times (NYT). Data were crawled from 598 videos on the NYT YouTube account for analyses. The results showed that 360-degree VR videos generally performed worse than non-VR videos in enhancing audience engagement. An interaction effect was found between video format (360-degree VR or non-VR) and content genres.

The Effects of 360-Degree VR Videos on Audience Engagement: Evidence from the New York Times

This study used both quantitative and qualitative data to assess whether a High Immersion viewing platform (virtual reality headset) elicits stronger feelings of narrative engagement and empathy compared to a Low Immersion platform (smartphone) when viewing an animated 360° video. In line with prior research, participants (N = 65) reported greater feelings of presence in the High Immersion condition compared to Low Immersion. However, immersive condition was not significantly related to narrative engagement or empathy. Interview responses revealed that participants' perceptions of their role in the film experience (i.e., Character, Observer, or Other/Not Sure) varied and were significantly related to narrative engagement. Participants who saw themselves as a Character (versus Observer) reported higher narrative engagement and empathy. Findings suggest that although a more immersive viewing platform can enhance presence during a 360° video experience, a clear understanding of viewer role is both difficult to achieve and critical to story comprehension and empathy.

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3173574.3174031

Am I a Bunny?: The Impact of High and Low Immersion Platforms and Viewers' Perceptions of Role on Presence, Narrative Engagement, and Empathy during an Animated 360° Video

The Internet of Things is connecting an ever-increasing number of devices. These devices often require access to personal information, but their meagre user interfaces usually do not permit traditional modes of authentication. On such devices, one-time pairing codes are often used instead. This pairing process can involve transcribing randomly generated alphanumeric codes, which can be frustrating, slow and error-prone. In this paper, we present an improved pairing method that uses sets of English words instead of random strings. The word method, although longer in terms of character length, allows users to pair devices more quickly, whilst still maintaining the complexity necessary for secure interactions.

/pdf/use-your-words-designing-one-time-pairing-codes-to-improve-3dbetceael.pdf

Use Your Words: Designing One-time Pairing Codes to Improve User Experience

We have developed nine speculative ("half-resolution") prototypes as part of our project to explore future possibilities for television experiences as widely as possible. The prototypes are physical representations of our research into why people watch television and what they like and dislike about it. Their physicality improves engagement and quality of feedback, at low cost. The ultimate goal is to be able to describe the high-level characteristics of a really good experience of television in the home, and so provide direction for future technology and interface development.

Tellybox: Nine Speculative Prototypes For Future TV

Virtual reality industries claim that 360 videos are a powerful tool for creating empathy because they are an immersive medium, and wearing headphones is encouraged for the full immersive experience. To investigate these claims, we carried out a 2x2 between subjects lab study (n=40) to explore whether 360 viewing platform (magic window / google cardboard) and headphone use (with / without) have an effect on Film-Immersion for the 360 video Fire Rescue. Our results reveal a significant interaction effect: headphones increased immersion for google cardboard, but decreased immersion for magic window. However, not all dimensions of the immersive experience were affected. This suggests that head-mounted displays increase presence, but do not necessarily lead to more empathy and greater interest in the 360 video. Thematic analysis of interview data suggests contributing factors such as fear of missing out (FOMO). These findings have implications for film makers and researchers of 360 videos.

Was I There?: Impact of Platform and Headphones on 360 Video Immersion

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Use Your Words: Designing One-time Pairing Codes to Improve User Experience

Tellybox: Nine Speculative Prototypes For Future TV

Was I There?: Impact of Platform and Headphones on 360 Video Immersion