Mitelman's catalogue is the only comprehensive reference book of aberrant karyotypes in malignancy. The fifth edition provides us with a staggering collection of karyotypes from more than 22 000 individual neoplasms. Drawn from 5224 references this latest edition reflects the explosive growth in this field of research in' recent years. Twelve years ago when Mitelman first identified the need for such a catalogue the total number of karyotypes was little more than 3000. The catalogue comes in two volumes with chromosomes 1-12 and 13-22XY. Cases are classified first by chromosome and are entered under each abnormal chromosome in the karyotype. It follows that any one case may appear under several different chromosomes. The relative contribution of solid tumour entries in this edition is 27% of cases compared with 12% of entries in 1983. Clearly solid tumours are still underrepresented in terms of their natural incidence but the extreme complexity of many solid tumour karyotypes (the record being held by a fibrosarcoma karyotype with no less than 1051 characters) means their contribution to the catalogue is substantial. Apart from bringing the number of cases up to date this edition describes every karyotype according to the most recent terminology, namely the International System for Cytogenetic Nomenclature 1991. The number of karyotypes investigated by molecular techniques for genetic rearrangements or fusion genes and described at the end of each chromosomal section has also been updated. Entries are subclassified by types of disease which include 46 haematological disorders, 35 malignant lymphomas and 98 benign and malignant solid tumours. Drawn from all over the world, cases are taken from publications in more than 30 scientific journals. The geographical distribution of cases reflects national or local interest in cytogenetics. In this context, it is of interest that the largest contributing continent is Europe and that the UK features fourth largest among contributing countries or states. Over the past 25 years many clinically important chromosomal subgroups have been detected within morphologically identical types of malignant disorder. Their identification has resulted from the drawing together of large numbers of individual cases. Nevertheless, the numbers of aberrant karyotypes found in any series of any one tumour type are many and various. The overwhelming impression is one of diversity. New subgroups only emerge when newly described cases can be checked against previously published cases and here the catalogue is indispensible. Chromosomal aberrations in human cancer highlight regions of the genome …

Catalog of Chromosome Aberrations in Cancer

Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Chromosome banding analysis of 97 short-term cultured primary breast carcinomas revealed clonal aberrations in 79 tumors, whereas 18 were karyotypically normal. In 34 of the 79 tumors with abnormalities, two to eight clones per case were detected; unrelated clones were present in 27 (34%) cases, whereas only related clones were found in seven. These findings indicate that a substantial proportion of breast carcinomas are of polyclonal origin. Altogether eight abnormalities were repeatedly identified both as sole chromosomal anomalies and as part of more complex karyotypes: the structural rearrangements i(1)(q10), der(1:16)(q10;p10), del(1)(q11-12), del(3)(p12-13p14-21), and del(6)(q21-22) and the numerical aberrations +7, +18, and +20. At least one of these changes was found in 41 (52%) of the karyotypically abnormal tumors. They identify a minimum number of cytogenetic subgroups in breast cancer and are likely to represent primary chromosome anomalies in this type of neoplasia. Other candidates for such a role are translocations of 3p12-13 and 4q21 with various partner chromosomes and inversions of chromosome 7, which also were seen repeatedly. Additional chromosomal aberrations that give the impression of occurring nonrandomly in breast carcinomas include structural rearrangements leading to partial monosomies for 1p, 8p, 11p, 11q, 15p, 17p, 19p, and 19q and losses of one copy of chromosomes X, 8, 9, 13, 14, 17, and 22. The latter changes were seen consistently only in complex karyotypes, however, and we therefore interpret them as being secondary anomalies acquired during clonal evolution.

Chromosome analysis of 97 primary breast carcinomas: identification of eight karyotypic subgroups.

The multistep model of carcinogenesis in the breast suggests a transition from normal epithelium to invasive carcinoma via non-atypical and atypical hyperplasia and in situ carcinoma. Within the breast, these proliferations are heterogeneous in their cytological and architectural characteristics. This review considers the evidence supporting a precursor role for these preinvasive lesions.

The transition from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma of the breast.

The first part of this two-part review of established and emerging breast cancer biomarkers and molecular diagnostics considers breast cancer predisposition, screening tests for diagnosis, diagnosis using small specimens and metastatic lesions, micrometastatic disease and breast cancer prognosis assessment. Prognostic factors covered in this review include: cytogenetic markers, DNA ploidy and S phase determination, cell proliferation markers, cell cycle regulators and growth factor measurements including epithelial growth factor receptor, HER-2/neu and a variety of other relevant molecules controlling proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis. The first section of part two will continue the consideration of breast cancer prognostic factors including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cell adhesion molecules, invasion-associated proteins and proteases, hormone receptor proteins, drug resistance proteins, apoptosis regulators, transcription factors, telomerase, DNA repair and methylation and transcrip...

/pdf/breast-cancer-biomarkers-and-molecular-medicine-74wxg0dyd4.pdf

Breast cancer biomarkers and molecular medicine.

Cytogenetic studies were performed on cell material obtained from surgical specimens of 50 human breast carcinomas and from 61 cancerous effusions of 46 patients. Classical cytogenetic analyses of numerical chromosome changes and marker chromosomes revealed the non-random involvement of chromosomes #X and #22 as monosomics, of chromosomes #3, #7, and #19 as trisomics, and chromosome #1 (particularly p 13 to q 12) in marker formation. Karyotypic evolution was followed in vitro and in vivo and showed a highly individualistic pattern of stability and variability.

Cytogenetic studies on human breast carcinomas.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Joachim Feldner

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Cytogenetic studies on human breast carcinomas.