Elemental content of the commercial insect-based products available in the European Union

Toxic effects in terms of mitochondria and hereditary substances have been characterized in vitro for individual rare earth elements, while, the joint effects of mixed elements exposure in the population remain ambiguous. Based on the Occupational Chromate Exposure Dynamic Cohort of China, this study investigated the relationship between 15 blood rare earth elements (cerium, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, holmium, lanthanum, lutetium, neodymium, praseodymium, samarium, terbium, thulium, yttrium, and ytterbium) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (MtDNACN) as well as peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus frequency (MNF). The elastic net was used to select elements highly correlated with effect indicators, whose dose-response relationships were further illustrated by restricted cubic splines. Bayesian kernel regression was employed to explore the combined effects of elements and the contributions of single element. The results showed that most rare earth elements were positively correlated with effect indicators, with yttrium showing the strongest association (β(95% CI): 0.139 (0.1089–0.189) for MtDNACN, 0.937 (0.345–1.684) for MNF). In the mixed exposure model, with the exposure level fixed at the 50th percentile as the reference, the effect estimates on MtDNACN and MNF increased by 0.228 and 0.598 units, respectively, at the 75th percentile. The single effect analysis implied that yttrium, lanthanum and terbium contributed the most to the elevation of MtDNACN, while yttrium posed the highest risk for genetic damage, accordingly, we provided recommendations to prioritize these elements of concern. In addition, we observed a chief mediating effect of MtDNACN on the elevation of MNF caused by lanthanum, whereas further mechanistic exploration is required to confirm this finding. 

Health risks of rare earth elements exposure: Impact on mitochondrial DNA copy number and micronucleus frequency

Efficient recovery of rare earth elements from ion-adsorption rare earth tailings: Based on the addition of pyrite calcination modification

Abstract Background Hypertension is a kind of clinical syndrome, characterized by the increase of systemic arterial pressure. There is a lack of identifiable triggers and predictors of hypertensive disease in response to treatment at rest and during exercise. In this study, a mathematical model was used to screen and compare the indicators and related changes at rest and during exercise between normotensive and hypertensive individuals. Methods Blood pressure and ultrasound-related indicators, blood biochemical indicators and metabolic compounds were collected and logistic regression model and Principal component analysis (PCA) were used to explore the differences of indexes at rest and in different exercise states in healthy and hypertensive patients. An indicator change map for hypertension is established. Results The results reveal that hypertension is not only related to oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and fatty acid oxidation, but also involves various amino acid metabolism. The defined mathematical models and indicators changes during exercise might be helpful for early screening of hypertension and future studies are needed to explore their value on prevention and control of hypertension. Conclusion The research shows that the main regulation indicators at different exercise states differ significantly in the normal group and the hypertensive group. The key indicators of the normal group are blood pressure and ultrasound related indicators, while those of the hypertensive group are metabolites related to lactic acid metabolism, glycolysis, aerobic oxidation and lipid metabolism. 

/pdf/divergent-indicator-changes-in-different-exercise-states-in-3i0x6aqt.pdf

Divergent indicator changes in different exercise states in non-hypertensive individuals and patients with hypertension

Rare earth tailings constitute a significant amount of solid waste that remains after industrial (NH4)2SO4 leaching and typically contain rare earth elements, primarily Ce. This study aimed to fully recover Ce from rare earth tailings by calcination with pyrite under both air and N2 atmospheres, followed by dilute H2SO4 leaching or bioleaching. The results indicated that Ce and Mn were mainly present in the form of CeO2 and MnO2, respectively, whereas Fe existed in both Fe2O3 and Fe2(SO4)3 forms. Leaching experiments with dilute H2SO4 demonstrated that the co-calcination of rare earth tailings with pyrite significantly enhanced the recovery of Ce. Notably, calcination in air resulted in a significantly higher extraction rate of Ce (95.55%) than that in N2 (83.82%). This difference was attributed to the presence of O2, which promoted the oxidation of pyrite and facilitated the reduction of Ce(IV) to Ce(III). In contrast, incomplete oxidation of pyrite occurred in the N2 atmosphere, leading to a high residual Ce(IV) content in the tailings that could not be leached by the dilute acid. Subsequently, sufficient recovery of Ce (97.52%) from the tailings calcined in the N2 atmosphere was achieved by bioleaching using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and pyrite. 

Efficient Recovery of Cerium from Ion-Adsorption Rare Earth Tailings: Based on the Addition of Pyrite Calcination Modification

Hypertension risk is associated with elevated concentrations of rare earth elements in serum.

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Hypertension risk is associated with elevated concentrations of rare earth elements in serum.