Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful tool widely used in research and industry for a label-free and unambiguous identification of molecular species. Inconveniently, its application to spectroscopic analysis of minute amounts of materials, for example, in sensing applications, is hampered by the low infrared absorption cross-sections. Surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy using resonant metal nanoantennas, or short “resonant SEIRA”, overcomes this limitation. Resonantly excited, such metal nanostructures feature collective oscillations of electrons (plasmons), providing huge electromagnetic fields on the nanometer scale. Infrared vibrations of molecules located in these fields are enhanced by orders of magnitude enabling a spectroscopic characterization with unprecedented sensitivity. In this Review, we introduce the concept of resonant SEIRA and discuss the underlying physics, particularly, the resonant coupling between molecular and antenna excitations as well as the spatial extent of the enhancement and...

Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy Using Resonant Nanoantennas.

We propose a combined fabrication method of reactive ion etching and large-scale colloidal mask to fabricate mid-infrared metamaterial perfect absorbers using aluminum–aluminum oxide-aluminum trilayers. The absorptivities of the fabricated samples reached as high as 98% and the absorption bandwidths were comparable to those of the absorbers based on gold or silver. Following Kirchhoff’s law, their emission spectra exhibited sharp single emission peaks indicating high potential as narrow-band infrared emitters. The results obtained here demonstrate that earth-abundant aluminum is a high-performance plasmonic materials in the mid-infrared range, and open up a route for fabricating cost-effective scalable plasmonic devices such as efficient light harvesting structures, thermal emitters, and infrared sensors.

Infrared Perfect Absorbers Fabricated by Colloidal Mask Etching of Al–Al2O3–Al Trilayers

Plasmonic metamaterials are artificial materials typically composed of noble metals in which the features of photonics and electronics are linked by coupling photons to conduction electrons of metal (known as surface plasmon). These rationally designed structures have spurred interest noticeably since they demonstrate some fascinating properties which are unattainable with naturally occurring materials. Complete absorption of light is one of the recent exotic properties of plasmonic metamaterials which has broadened its application area considerably. This is realized by designing a medium whose impedance matches that of free space while being opaque. If such a medium is filled with some lossy medium, the resulting structure can absorb light totally in a sharp or broad frequency range. Although several types of metamaterials perfect absorber have been demonstrated so far, in the current paper we overview (and focus on) perfect absorbers based on nanocomposites where the total thickness is a few tens of nanometer and the absorption band is broad, tunable and insensitive to the angle of incidence. The nanocomposites consist of metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric matrix with a high filling factor close to the percolation threshold. The filling factor can be tailored by the vapor phase co-deposition of the metallic and dielectric components. In addition, novel wet chemical approaches are discussed which are bio-inspired or involve synthesis within levitating Leidenfrost drops, for instance. Moreover, theoretical considerations, optical properties, and potential application of perfect absorbers will be presented.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/7/2/1221/pdf

Review of Plasmonic Nanocomposite Metamaterial Absorber

We design and numerically investigate a perfect narrow band absorber based on a metal-metal-dielectric-metal structure which consists of periodic metallic nanoribbon arrays. The absorber presents an ultra narrow absorption band of 1.11 nm with a nearly perfect absorption of over 99.9% in the infrared region. For oblique incidence, the absorber shows an absorption more than 95% for a wide range of incident angles from 0 to 50°. Structure parameters to the influence of the performance are investigated. The structure shows high sensing performance with a high sensitivity of 1170 nm/RIU and a large figure of merit of 1054. The proposed structure has great potential as a biosensor.

Perfect narrow band absorber for sensing applications.

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) has attracted increasing attention due to the potential of infrared spectroscopy in applications such as molecular trace sensing of solids, polymers, and proteins, specifically fueled by recent substantial developments in infrared plasmonic materials and engineered nanostructures. Here, the significant progress achieved in the past decades is reviewed, along with the current state of the art of SEIRA. In particular, the plasmonic properties of a variety of nanomaterials are discussed (e.g., metals, semiconductors, and graphene) along with their use in the design of efficient SEIRA configurations. To conclude, perspectives on potential applications, including single-molecule detection and in vivo bioassays, are presented.

Nanomaterial-Based Plasmon-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy.

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy has attracted increased attention for direct access to molecular vibrational fingerprints in the mid-infrared. Perfect-absorber metamaterials (PAMs) with multi-band spectral responses and significant enhancement of the local near-field intensity were developed to improve the intrinsic absorption cross sections of absorption spectrum to identify the vibrational spectra of biomolecules. To verify its performance, the proposed infrared PAM array was used to identify the molecular stretches of a Parylene C film. The resonant responses of the infrared PAMs were accurately tuned to the vibrational modes of the C = C target bonds. The vibrational stretches of the C = C moiety were observed and the auto-fluorescence mechanisms of the Parylene C film were monitored. The unique properties of the PAMs indicate that this approach is a promising strategy for surface-enhanced molecular absorption spectroscopy (SEMS) in the mid-infrared region and for the tracking of characteristic molecular vibrational modes.

/pdf/surface-enhanced-molecular-spectroscopy-sems-based-on-oxiam8wbx3.pdf

Surface-enhanced molecular spectroscopy (SEMS) based on perfect-absorber metamaterials in the mid-infrared

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Surface-enhanced molecular spectroscopy (SEMS) based on perfect-absorber metamaterials in the mid-infrared