다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Elemental sulfur has been known since Antiquity and found widespread applications in the preparation of black gunpowder, the synthesis of sulfuric acid as well as other sulfur-containing compounds, and the vulcanization of rubber. Over the last several years, we have come to better understand its properties and discover more applications of elemental sulfur in synthetic organic chemistry. This review summarizes the advances from 2000 in the construction of organic molecules using elemental sulfur via sulfuration, oxidation, reduction and redox condensation processes.

Recent Advances in Organic Reactions Involving Elemental Sulfur

Halodifluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl-containing compounds are widely employed in organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals and materials science. Therefore, their applications and transformations have received significant attention during the past few decades. The single, double, triple and quadruple cleavage of halodifluoromethyl compounds and various deconstructive modes of trifluoromethyl-containing compounds could generate a variety of synthons to prepare more valuable products. Herein, we summarize the most significant achievements in this field with an intriguing focus on results from the last decade.

Recent progress on selective deconstructive modes of halodifluoromethyl and trifluoromethyl-containing reagents.

Electrochemical multicomponent synthesis of 4-selanylpyrazoles under catalyst- and chemical-oxidant-free conditions

A novel I2-catalyzed direct conversion of cyclohexanones to substituted catechols under mild and simple conditions has been described. This novel transformation is remarkable with the multiple oxygenation and dehydrogenative aromatization processes enabled just by using DMSO as the solvent, oxidant, and oxygen source. This metal-free and simple system demonstrates a versatile protocol for the synthesis of highly valuable substituted catechols and therefore streamlines the synthesis and modification of biologically important molecules for drug discovery.

Conversion of Simple Cyclohexanones into Catechols

Three-component synthesis of 2-heteroaryl-benzothiazoles under metal-free conditions

Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Alkylation with Three-Membered Rings

Efficient C−S Bond Formation by Direct Functionalization of C(sp3)−H Bond Adjacent to Heteroatoms under Metal‐Free Conditions

A three-component reaction has been developed for the construction of multiaryl-substituted pyrrole derivatives from arylketones, amines, and nitrovinylarenes under metal-free conditions. Hence, homologous 1,2,4-triaryl-substituted pyrrole products were obtained in good to high yields. Furthermore, 2,3,5-triaryl-substituted pyrroles were selectively formed in the absence of nitrovinylarenes. The photophysical properties of some pyrrole products have been investigated to show good aggregation-induced emission (AIE) activity.

Metal-Free Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of 1,2,4-Triarylpyrroles.

The Pictet-Spengler/transamination cascade reaction enables modular synthesis of marinoquinoline analogues through three-component indole ring-expansion/cyclization in the manner of novel N1–C2 cleavage of indoles. This metal-free protocol exhibits very broad functional group tolerance with up to quantitative yields. Preliminary studies on the antitumor activity of the resultant marinoquinoline analogues reveal that the indolyl-attached pyrrolo[2,3-c]quinoline product (5d) shows great potential (IC50 of 0.32 μg/mL to HeLa cells) as a promising anticancer agent in clinic. 

Pictet-spengler/transamination cascade reaction of indoles for modular synthesis of marinoquinoline analogues

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